A Study In "Ivan’s Daughter,Ivan’s Mother"——Interpretation Based On The Existentialism

Valentin Grigorievich Rasputin has experienced two eras in his life: the Soviet Union and Russia.He is a famous Russian and Soviet writer.He has won the Soviet State Literature Award,the Russian State Award,Dostoyev The Sky Literary Award and many other awards.The writer has devoted nearly 50 years of hard work to the Russian countryside and his concern for human existence,and his works fully show the truest face of Russia and its people.At the end of the 20 th century,Russia experienced the collision of times and the impact of culture.The importance of "I" emphasized by existentialism,that is,starting from the first person,thinking about the meaning of existence and the right to exist freely,is deeply rooted in the turbulent society.Constrained and bound.While people are deeply oppressed and suffering,they show deep thinking and strong pursuit of existence.Based on existentialism,this paper takes Rasputin’s last work "Ivan’s Daughter,Ivan’s Mother" as the research object,in order to interpret the work from the perspective of existentialism.The thesis consists of three parts: introduction,main body and conclusion.The first part is the introduction.The introduction introduces the significance,innovation,research content and method of the selected topic,summarizes the research on this work at home and abroad,and introduces Rasputin and the selected novel’s story outline and the basic theory of existentialism.The second part of the text consists of three chapters.The first chapter focuses on the alienation of existentialism.First,from the two aspects of family and social relations,it analyzes Anatoly’s individual alienation in the relationship between people;secondly,with Tamara as an intermediary,from the perspectives of national status and revenge,it expounds Kvass from the perspective of nationality.Pride has become a national shame,a catalyst for disasters,and the imbalance of the relationship between people and things is excavated.Finally,with the Caucasians and the Prosecutor General as an intermediary,it is analyzed that under the confusion of money and the control of power,the alienation of cars into exploiters of conscience and humanity It has become a symbol of people abandoning fairness and morality and blindly pursuing fame and fortune,exposing the destruction of the relationship between people and things caused by the law based on money transactions.The second chapter,starting from the theory of "others are hell",uses "gazing" as a medium to reveal the individual and other identities of Svetka and the Caucasians,Tamara and the judiciary,presenting the individual and the other in absurdity The "fight in hell" over freedom.The third chapter,using the way of self-salvation proposed by existentialists-free choice,through analyzing the process of Tamara’s transformation from the present,the past and the future of time to the for-itself,explores the hidden thoughts on the law that originally thought about it.Decided to become an enemy,and finally realized the choice of resistance;to explore the choice of little Ivan to rely on the Russian Orthodox Church to save the motherland and the people through the dream and the guidance of God.The third part is the conclusion.After interpreting the work through existentialism,this paper concludes that people and things are alienated by factors such as the times,others around the individual become a threat to the individual’s existence,and the distorted relationship of "others is hell" is reflected between people,and free choice has become an important way for people to realize the value of existence and determine the essence of themselves.