A Study On The Polysemous Structure Of "とてろ" And Its Correspondence With Chinese And Korea

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the polysemous structure of the Japanese polysemy " と こ ろ " and the motivation of its semantic expansion from the perspective of cognitive semantics,and to investigate the expression form of "ところ" in Chinese and Korean translation works.Although there are many studies on the polysemy "ところ",as far as I know,no one has tried to study the correspondence with Chinese,Korean and other languages from the perspective of cognitive semantics.Therefore,this study seems to have significance for new attempts.This paper first introduces the semantic interpretation of "ところ" in the three major Japanese dictionaries,and points out that it is impossible to grasp the relationship between semantic items with this semantic interpretation.Therefore,from the perspective of cognitive semantics,we start to study the correlation between the various semantic items of "ところ".Since abstract semantics are always derived from concrete semantics,this paper analyzes the spatiality of the abstract semantics represented by "ところ".The case analysis of literary works and the correspondence of Chinese and Korean languages are roughly divided into those that express concrete semantics and those that express abstract semantics.The conclusion of this paper is as follows.Firstly,the six categories and 23 semantics of "ところ" expand radially around the meaning of space.The space of "ところ" is subdivided into three-dimensional space with three-dimensional attributes,two-dimensional space with planar attributes,and one-dimensional space with point attributes.The three can be regarded as a metonymy representing "whole-part".Extended semantics.Then,"abstract three-dimensional space","abstract two-dimensional space" and "abstract one-dimensional space" are derived through the metaphor of "concrete-abstract".Since the meanings such as "company,family" have three-dimensional properties,it means "abstract three-dimensional space","scene,content,scope" and other meanings have plane and linear properties,indicating "abstract two-dimensional space",the meanings such as "position,status,degree and time point" have the attributes of points,which can be regarded as "abstract one-dimensional space".In addition,according to metaphor and metonymy,meanings such as "the appearance of space","the surface of the object","the appearance of the ground","the appearance of the body",and "event" are derived.Secondly,219 cases of "ところ",the object of this study,were extracted from the Japanese modern literature "Norwegian Forest",and the usage of these cases was analyzed.As a result,"ところ" is most commonly used in the semantics of three-dimensional space,accounting for about half of the total,while there are few or no examples of "land","ground","position" and "status".In fact,the correspondence between Chinese and Korean languages can be easily grasped from this data.That is,in most cases,the expressions of "ところ" in both Chinese and Korean languages represent three-dimensional space.Thirdly,by using the translated works,the expression forms of "ところ" in Chinese and Korean were investigated,and the results found that there were 137 cases in Chinese,accounting for 62.6%,and 82 cases,accounting for 37.4%,which did not correspond.The corresponding cases in Korean were 162 cases,accounting for 74%,and the non-corresponding cases were 57 cases,accounting for 26%.Compared with the non-corresponding situation,the two languages have more corresponding situations.It can be seen that the expression form of "ところ" is more developed in Korean than in Chinese.Fourth,among the corresponding expressions,the expressions of Chinese"地方"and Korean"(?)"are the most common.The occurrence frequency of Chinese"地方"was 62 cases,accounting for 45.3%of the 137corresponding examples,while the occurrence frequency of Korean"(?)"was58 cases,accounting for 35.8%of the 162 corresponding examples.Fifth,when analyzing the corresponding expression form from the aspect of part of speech,in Chinese,it corresponds to many substantive nouns,while in Korean,it corresponds not only to substantive nouns,but also to formal nouns and auxiliary words.The frequency of occurrence of the formal noun "(?)" is 26 cases,which is the second most common corresponding form.Sixth,when expressing concrete semantics,the corresponding expression form is simple,but when expressing abstract semantics,it is not.For example,"ところ"representing a time point corresponds to Chinese nouns("时候","以后"),adverbs of time("正/正要","刚刚/刚"),syntactic structures("当…时","直到…才")and other forms.The same is true in Korean,which corresponds to substantive nouns("(?)","(?)"),formal nouns("(?)","(?)","(?)"),and syntactic structures("(?)…""…(?)""…(?)").