The Impact Of Different Emotional Valences On Food Decision Making Among College Students With Restricted Diet

Using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire(DEBQ)and the Body Image States Scale,863 questionnaires were distributed in a university.733 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 84.9%.A valid questionnaire was used to screen eligible subjects,including 30 non-restrained eaters,whose score on the restrained caters subscale(DEBQ-R)in the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire was less than 3(representing the median score of 5 points).There were 30 successful restrained eaters,whose DEBQ-R score was higher than 3,and whose average score on the Emotional Eating subscale(DEBQ-EM)and external eating subscalc(DEBQ-EX)was lower than 3.The 30 failed restricted caters had scores higher than 3 on DEBQ-R and higher than 3 on both DEBQ-EM and DEBQ-EX.The students were of normal weight,with a body mass index(BMI)of 18.5 to 24.In the preliminary experiment,the effectiveness of positive and negative emotion awakening materials was verified,and the video materials used in the experiment could successfully awaken the corresponding emotions of the subjects.In the formal experiment,subjects were required to fill in a body image state scale before and after emotional arousal,and then perform the key reaction of food decision,so as to study the changes of body image and food decision under different emotional valence.The results showed that:(1)under the positive emotional arousal state,the self-satisfaction of non-re strained caters group,successful restrained caters group and failed restrained caters group was significantly improved;In the state of negative emotional arousal,there was no significant change in the satisfaction degree ofthe non-restrained caters.People on restrained caters were significantly less satisfied with themselves.(2)In the evaluation of food health degree,the score of food health degree in positive emotional arousal state was significantly higher than that in negative emotional state(F=15.87,p<0.001,η2=0.15);Non-restrictive caters,successful restrictive caters and failed restrictive caters had different scores on the health degree of food under positive emotional state.Non-restrictive caters had lower scores on the health degree of food under positive emotional state than successful restrictive caters and failed restrictive caters.(3)In the evaluation of food deliciousncss,positive emotional arousal state was significantly higher than negative emotional arousal state(F=16.48,p<0.001,η2=0.16);There was no significant difference between the non-restrained caters group,successful restrained caters group and unsuccessful restrained caters group.(4)The main effect of unhealthy and unpalatable foods(F=4.33,p<0.05,η2=0.06)and unhealthy and unpalatable foods(F=10.81,p=0.001,η2=0.11)was significant.The main effect of healthy-untasty(F=5.12,p<0.01,η2=0.11)food types was significant.The main effect of the mood of choosing healthy and tasty food and the type of subjects were not significant.The interaction between emotion and subject type was not significant.(5)There was no mediating effect on body image and food decision between non-restrained eaters and unsuccessful restrained eaters under positive emotional arousal;There are mediating effects between body image and food decision making of successful restrained eaters.In the model,the direct effect of emotion on food decision making is significant,while the indirect effect of food decision making predicted by body image is significant.The mediating effect value is 0.33,which belongs to the partial mediating model.(6)There was no mediating effect between body image and food decision of non-restrained eaters under negative emotional arousal.There are mediating effects between successful and unsuccessful restrained eaters on body image and food decision-making in the state of negative emotional arousal.In the successful restrained eaters,the direct effect of negative emotion on food decision making was not significant,while the indirect effect of food decision making predicted by body image was significant,and the mediating effect value was 0.33,which belonged to the completely mediating model.In the failed restrained eaters,the direct effect of negative emotion on food decision making was not significant,while the indirect effect of food decision making predicted by body image was significant,and the mediating effect value was 0.54,which belonged to the completely mediating model.Conclusion:(1)Under different emotional valences,the body image of the restrained eaters changed significantly.(2)Under the arousal of positive emotions,individuals prefer to eat "delicious" food and have more willingness to eat,In the wake of negative emotions,restrained eaters are less willing to eat and can make successful food decisions.The non-restrained eaters’ food decisions were less influenced by their emotions.(3)There is a mediating effect between body image and food decision of successful restrained eaters under positive emotional arousal.Under the arousal of negative emotions,the body image and food decision of restrained eaters have mediating effect.