Revision And Application Of The Chinese Version Of The Emotional Style Questionnaire

Objectives:To test the reliability and validity of the Chinese Version of the Emotional Style Questionnaire(ESQ-C).To explore the moderating effect of emotional style on the relationship between negative life events and depression.Methods:The original version of the ESQ was translated and back-translated into Chinese.A sample of college students in a survey(n=752)which included the ESQ-C,Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(CERQ),Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),Positive and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS),Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS),Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check-list(ASLEC).Three weeks later,92students were selected to evaluate the test-retest reliability of ESQ-C.Meanwhile,item analysis,structural validity test,internal consistency,split-half reliability,criterion-related validity and convergent validity were carried out.Stratified regression analysis and Process moderating effect analysis were used to explore the moderating effect of emotional style on the relationship between negative life events and depression.Results:(1)The item-total correlation within dimension(r=0.32～0.82)of ESQ-C were higher than the critical value of 0.3.The scores of each item in the high score group were significantly higher than those in the low score group(p<0.001);(2)The results of confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)showed that when items 1,15 and 23 with low factor loading coefficient were deleted,ESQ-C supported the original six-factor model:Outlook,Resilience,Social intuition,Self-awareness,Sensitivity to Context and Attention.It indicated good fit(χ~2/df=3.09,CFI=0.92,TLI=0.90,RMSEA=0.05,SRMR=0.05).(3)The internal consistency(0.63～0.85),split-half reliability(0.62～0.80)and test-retest reliability(0.52～0.74)of ESQ-C were all accepted.(4)And criterion-related validity(0.10≤|r|≤0.47)and convergent validity(AVE=0.36～0.49)were good.(5)The moderating effect analysis showed that Emotional Style(B=-0.71,t=-5.14,p<0.01),Outlook(B=-0.45,t=-3.37,p<0.01),Resilience(B=-0.55,t=-3.83,p<0.01),Self-awareness(B=-0.28,t=-2.14,p<0.05),Sensitivity to Context(B=-0.40,t=-2.75,p<0.01)and Attention(B=-0.47,t=-3.08,p<0.01)played a moderating role in the relationship between negative life events and depressed mood of college students.Conclusions:(1)The Revised Chinese version of the Emotional Style Questionnaire has good reliability and validity,which can measure the emotional style of Chinese college students.(2)College students’higher outlook,resilience,self-awareness,sensitivity to context and attention can weaken the impact of negative life events on depression.