A Study On The Relationship Between The Family Size And Taxes And Servitude In Xixia

As the basic unit of society,family is an important link between society and individuals.The economic,political,military and other aspects of Xixia will have an impact on individual families.On the contrary,changes in family structure and scale will also make corresponding changes in the country’s macro policies.By investigating the basic unit of family,we can have a basic understanding of the evolution of the Xixia system.The family types of Xixia are divided into extended families,nuclear families,cohabiting families and single-parent families.Cohabitation and sharing of property is the main form of Xixia family.Cohabitation in Xixia must meet the requirements of sharing of property,which has nothing to do with the consistency of registered residence;The meaning of shared property is not only shared property,but also shared risk.The extended family of three generations and five people is an ideal family state.In fact,the grass-roots families in Xixia are mostly the core families of two couples.The emergence of individual families has gradually dispersed the economic power of tribal leaders.In order to solve the contradiction between centralized power and tribal leaders,and accelerate the process of feudalization,leaders have been set up as household owners,serving as a link between the country and the grassroots,serving the rulers,and becoming the household and people of the country,promoting the reform of the tax system.Agricultural taxes were levied in areas around the capital,following the classification of the Tang and Song dynasties.In remote areas,due to climate,natural conditions,and other reasons,they were not classified,and the tax amount was relatively low.The poll tax is levied on a per capita basis rather than on a per capita basis.It is speculated that the "counting the population and paying the millet" policy during the Dangxiang period will continue to be used in order to increase financial revenue and control the population.The nomadic type in Xixia Dynasty is not purely nomadic,but rather assists in production by concurrently operating agriculture.The management of animal husbandry is divided into official and private animal husbandry.Just as agriculture involves agricultural migration,private animal husbandry should be managed by "animal migration".The military service system of Xixia gradually evolved with the change of the grass-roots structure.In the early stage of the Dangxiang program,the tribal system was the main body.There was no formal army,no military orders,and the tribe was both a production unit and a military organization.After the internal migration,the tribes have gradually unified,the army has a considerable scale,the flags,armor and other equipment are complete,and the military system of the Dangxiang items has gradually moved towards organization and standardization.After the founding of Xixia,the tribal system was based on geographical relations,and the tribal military system developed to a mature stage,that is,the national military service system.With the continuous development of agriculture,the original tribal system has been replaced by individual families and gradually disintegrated.The establishment of new social relations has led to the transformation of the clan military system,which originated in the form of tribes,to the conscription system.However,it only appeared in some areas at the end of Xixia,in which the prisoners and hard laborers should not be included in the scope of conscription.Through the analysis of the tax and military service system,it is also proved that Xixia has the "dual track system" feature in the setting and evolution of the tax and service system,which proves that Xixia,on the one hand,has absorbed the advantages of the Central Plains Dynasty,on the other hand,has retained the tribal tradition of the Dangxiang,making the tax and service system more chaotic,which is one of the reasons for the decline of national strength.