Study On The Circulation Of Private Tickets In Rural Areas Of North China In Modern Times(1912-1936)

In modern times,the commodity economy in rural areas of North China has developed rapidly,with a rapid increase in the volume of commodity trade,and the demand for money in the market has gradually increased.However,due to the dual economic structure and dual monetary system in urban and rural areas,the paper money issued by urban banks cannot sink into the countryside,making the situation of lack of money in the rural market gradually apparent.During this period,a large number of financial institutions such as banks and banks have been established in rural areas.Due to the needs of the development of the rural commodity economy,financial institutions such as banks and banks,or social organizations such as chambers of commerce,cooperatives,or local governments,warlords,and other military and political departments or individuals have issued paper money to fill the gap in currency.This type of paper money is also known as private notes.The issuance of private tickets in rural areas of North China in modern times showed characteristics such as diversification of issuing entities,zero refinement of denominations,and narrow circulation scope.From the perspective of issuers,there are not only old-style financial institutions such as the banking industry,such as banks,banks,pawnshops,etc.,but also various private businesses,county and town chambers of commerce,or county government departments;From the perspective of denomination,private tickets mostly appear in the form of coin coupons such as coin tickets,copper dollar tickets,or corner tickets,showing a feature of zero denomination refinement;From the perspective of circulation scope,the reputation of private tickets varies,generally only circulating in a county,township,or village,and the circulation scope tends to narrow.Private tickets in rural areas of North China have played an important role in the development of the rural economy.Firstly,with the development of the rural commodity economy,the demand for money has gradually increased.The issuance of private tickets has greatly increased the supply of money on the rural market,met the demand for money,and promoted the activity and development of the trade economy in various markets;In modern times,due to the scarcity of coin making and copper coins,the denomination of official bills was too large,and the market lacked tokens.At this time,private bills served as tokens,providing tokens and facilitating transactions;In the 1930 s,the rural economy in North China experienced a decline.At this time,various grassroots departments issued private tickets to deal with the crisis and activate the economy.At this time,private tickets played a role in activating finance and relieving the economy;When there is an excessive proliferation of private tickets or a frequent occurrence of counterfeit tickets,coordination agencies such as county and town chambers of commerce,county governments,or official agencies ban old tickets and uniformly print new ones.At this time,private tickets play a role in unifying local currency and maintaining private ticket credit;In the mid and early stages of the Republic of China,due to the turmoil of the current situation,counties were in financial difficulties one after another.Local and county governments repeatedly issued private tickets to alleviate financial crises and overcome difficulties.At this time,private tickets played a role in alleviating financial difficulties;In modern times,during the transition from metal currency to paper currency,private tickets played a role of replacing metal currency and fully cashing it,facilitating the transportation,receipt and payment of money,and promoting the circulation of money;The issuance of private tickets has also accumulated a large amount of capital for the development of industrial and mining enterprises and commercial sectors in rural areas of North China.The proliferation of private tickets has brought great harm to the development of the rural economy.It not only causes extreme chaos in the market,infringes on the interests of the commercial people,creates a large number of social conflicts,and disrupts the normal lives of the commercial people.At the same time,it also hinders the development of commercial trade,disrupts the order of the normal development of the financial industry,and distorts the national financial system.The issuance of private tickets by the people is a supplement to the incomplete monetary system of the country,which makes up for the shortcomings of rural currency and forms a monetary system different from the legal monetary system of the country-the local currency system.The circulation of private tickets has dual effects on the development of rural economy: on the one hand,the modern national monetary system is incomplete,and rural currency is very scarce.Private tickets make up for the lack of currency,meet the needs of economic development,and become a necessity for commercial activities in rural markets.When local governments were forced to ban private tickets by their superiors,serious consequences such as commercial unrest,financial panic,and monetary tightening appeared in the market.On the other hand,the proliferation of private tickets has also caused serious damage to the development of the rural economy,affected social stability,hindered the unification of currency,and brought adverse effects on the country’s commercial trade,finance,finance,and other aspects.