A Study On The Transfer Of The Aboriginal Group In Taiwan During The Japanese Occupation

After the First Sino-Japanese War,the Treaty of Shimonoseki was signed,enabling Japan to achieve its goal of occupying Taiwan,and thus kick-starting the Japanese colonisation of Taiwan.Taiwan’s mountains and forests were vast and rich in resources,but the aborigines,who lived among the mountains and forests of Taiwan and retained a sense of community as hunters,undoubtedly became an obstacle to the "colonisation" of the Taiwan.The colonial administration’s policy towards Taiwan’s aborigines went through stages of "appeasement","siege" and "suppression",but was still unable to "tame" them.In October 1930,in the Wushe area of Puli in central Taiwan,the Wushe Incident,one of the largest protests against the Japanese by Taiwan’s aborigines during the Japanese rule,broke out.As a result,the colonial authorities re-examined their original policy of domination and decided to relocate the aborigines in groups in order to successfully develop the resources of the mountainous areas where they lived,while at the same time imposing centralised rule on them.This article focuses on the large-scale compulsory relocation of indigenous communities carried out by the Japanese colonial administration,the Governor-General’s Office of Taiwan,after 1930.This study examines the origins,planning and implementation process,as well as the eventual outcomes and impacts of the aboriginal rule policy in the late Japanese period,and explores its effectiveness and successes and failures.It is hoped that it will add to the study of the important subject of aboriginal rule policy in the history of Taiwan during the Japanese period.The first part begins with a brief overview of the Governor-General’s rule of Taiwan prior to 1930,focusing on the two five-year plans for ruling the aborigines during Governor Sakuma’s tenure and highlighting its landmark status in aboriginal rule policy.The second part examines the outbreak of the "Wushe Incident",which led to the development of a new policy outline for the colonial government in 1931,and provides insights into the development of a new aboriginal policy by the Governor-General’s Office in Taiwan.The second part examines the preparations made by the Governor-General’s Office in Taiwan for the development of an aboriginal relocation policy,exploring the origins and aims of the policy through an early anthropological survey of Taiwan,a small-scale pilot relocation scheme in 1925,and a survey of land development in the aboriginal areas of the Governor-General’s Office.The third section examines the plans for the relocation of aboriginal communities,the practicalities of their implementation,and the impact on aboriginal social networks.The fourth part compares the plans and results of the mass forced relocation policy and examines the nature of the policy as part of the assimilation policy by describing its substantial impact on the grassroots organisations of the aborigines.It also briefly describes the extension of the policy after the Taiwan Governorate,examines the effectiveness of the policy of aboriginal rule in the late Japanese period and its successes and failures,and concludes with an analysis of the negative impact of the policy on the aborigines themselves and on post-recovery Taiwanese society,and even on cross-strait relations today.