The Multi-angle Study Of Modern Chinese Verb "Deng(等)"

Verb is one of the important parts of speech in Chinese,which has always been the focus and difficulty of grammarians.The academic circles have rich research results on verbs,with a wide range of methods and perspectives.However,there are still few studies on individual verbs,and only dictionary dictionaries and a few papers mention the study of the verb " Deng(等)".The whole study lacks systematicness,comprehensiveness and depth.This paper argues that the verb "Deng(等)" has the semantic meaning of "waiting" " accompanying " and "conditional ";syntactically,the verb " Deng(等)" can appear at the beginning,middle and end of a sentence.It is usually used as a predicate,occasionally an adverbial,an attribute,and as a subject and object.In expression,it can express the pause,interruption,continuation,frequency and extension of time.From the cognitive point of view,the verb ’and its co-occurrence components can reflect the continuity and dispersion of time,the mapping of time in space and other representations in the non-time domain,which are embodied in time schema,space schema,psychological schema,accompanying schema,condition schema,change schema and result schema.The full text is divided into five chapters,the main contents and viewpoints are as follows :The first chapter is the introduction,which determines that the research object is the modern Chinese verb " Deng(等)",analyzes its related research review,summarizes the research status of the modern Chinese verb " Deng(等)" in the academic circle,and expounds the purpose and significance of the research,and introduces the research methods and corpus sources.The second chapter explores the diversity characteristics of " Deng(等)".On the one hand,as a verb,it has the typical characteristics of the verb,temporality.This temporality is different in the expression of time words and non-time words.On the other hand,it also has obvious uncertainty in comparison with related parts of speech :the use may be accompanied by psychological modality or action mode;semantic orientation is sometimes the agent,sometimes not,with uncertainty;it has autonomy and non-self.The third chapter analyzes the syntactic features,semantic features and structural types of " Deng(等)".Syntactically," Deng(等)" can appear at the beginning,middle and end of a sentence,usually as a predicate,occasionally as an adverbial and attributive,and often has referentiality as a subject and object;it can form a " NP1 +adverbial / auxiliary verb + Deng(等)+ NP2 + other " format,and can be used with "after / when" to form a fixed structure.Semantically," Deng(等)" shows the deviation of time with the strength of time.According to the time from strong to weak," waiting meaning"," accompanying meaning " and "conditional meaning " are produced.There are different types of " Deng(等)" structure.The fourth chapter examines the form change of"Deng(等)".Through overlap and addition,the change forms of"Deng(等)"mainly include"Dengdeng(等等)""Deng Yideng(等一等)""Deng Yihui(等一会)""Deng Yixia(等一下)""Deng Yihui(等一回)""Deng le Youdeng(等了又等)".In addition to exploring it syntactically,it is found that these changes show different representations in time according to the temporality of"Deng(等)"semantically,such as pause,interruption,continuation,frequency and extension of time.The fifth chapter explores the cognitive schema of " Deng(等)".People control the systematicness of time to achieve cognitive interpretation,and then form a fixed format through the solidification of cognition.The fixed format can be described by schema,that is,the cognitive schema of " Deng(等)"." Deng(等)" can be divided into time schema and non-time schema according to time.In the time schema,according to the continuity and discreteness of time,the time starting point,time end point and time length of " Deng(等)" can be observed,highlighting the subject ’s understanding and grasp of " Deng(等)".Non-time schema mainly includes psychological schema,accompanying schema,condition schema,change schema and result schema.Non-time schema mainly highlights the interactive relationship between objective reality and subjective expectation,the expectation value,psychological state and subjective evaluation of the subject.Finally,there is a summary of the entire article.Summarize the main points of this article and point out its shortcomings.On the basis of previous studies,this paper explores the modern Chinese verb " Deng(等)" from a synchronic perspective,which can provide the basis and inspiration for the follow-up research,and has certain research value and significance.