Acquisition Study Of Unexpected Modal Adverb In Modern Chinese As A Second Language

Modern Chinese unexpected modal adverbs are one of the key and difficult points in Chinese vocabulary acquisition for international students.This kind of words are common function words in modern Chinese whose conceptual meaning is highly vague,and the grammatical meaning is highly prominent.They are usually used to convey the speaker’s unexpected tone,and express the speaker’s position,attitude,emotion,evaluation about something or a situation.They are highly subjective.The syntactic position of unexpected modal adverbs is relatively flexible,and they are highly dependent on the context in actual use.These characteristics determine that the international students’understanding of such adverbs often floats on the surface of the meaning,and it is difficult to integrate it into the application level such as Chinese communication.This article aims to find out the difficulties that international students have in the process of acquiring unexpected modal adverbs in modern Chinese,and put forward corresponding suggestions on how to acquire such function words more efficiently and use them correctly and appropriately.This article first determines five typical unexpected modal adverbs as the research objects(including“竟”“竟然”“居然”“偏”“偏偏”),and divides them into two groups based on the core semantic and grammatical functions,respectively,to explore the semantic,grammatical and pragmatic levels,and then carries out targeted research on foreign students’acquisition and teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.The main body of this research is divided into three parts: ontology research,acquisition research and teaching research.Ontological research examines the properties and characteristics of the two groups of unexpected modal adverbs in terms of basic semantic,syntactic feature,counter-expectation,mirativity and subjectivity of language,which based on the semantic,grammatical and pragmatic levels.The conclusion of this study is that unexpected modal adverbs are at the intersection of the categories of counter-expectation and mirativity,and have the pragmatic function of expressing the speaker’s evaluation of unexpected situation and the grammatical function of conveying unexpected feelings,so unexpected mood adverbs have strong subjectivity.The strong subjectivity has also become one of the main reasons why it is difficult to acquire such words.But at the same time,we can also focus on subjectivity to improve teaching methods and enhance the acquisition effect.Acquisition research includes the summary and analysis of the relevant corpus of HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus.According to the three perspectives of semantics,grammar and pragmatics,the related errors and pragmatic inappropriateness of unexpected modal adverbs in modern Chinese are attributed to 9 categories: wrong word or unclearness of word meaning,syntax errors,improper tone,relevant to counter-expectation but irrelevant to mirative feelings,relevant to mirative feelings but irrelevant to counter-expectation,irrelevant to counter-expectation and mirative feelings,relevant to counter-expectation and mirative feelings but using inappropriate function words,unclear counter-expectation,wrong subjects of counter-expectation.The survey and analysis found that the actual errors and pragmatic inappropriateness of foreign students almost covered all the above types.Meanwhile,this part conducts theoretical analysis of the specific errors and pragmatic inappropriateness of foreign students.The teaching research includes the analysis of the difficulties of the teaching of unexpected modal adverbs,as well as the teaching suggestions based on the theory of ontology research and fully referring to the conclusions of acquisition research,and a a complete simulated teaching case based on the viewpoints,conclusions and suggestions of teaching research.