| Purposes:The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the lower limb biomechanical characteristics of the injured side and the non-injured side before and after the cognitive intervention during the anticipated and unanticipated cutting,so as to study the impact of cognitive intervention on the expression of anticipated and unanticipated lateral cutting movements,so as to provide theoretical support and experimental basis for the rehabilitation training of functional unstable ankle.Methods:In this study,15 patients with ankle instability were selected through the international standard ankle function evaluation questionnaire,and the kinematic and kinetic data of 45 ° run-up cutting movements of non-injured side and injured side under anticipated and unanticipated conditions were collected by using Vicon infrared motion capture and analysis system and Kistler three-dimensional force measuring platform,Set two interference items:straight running and emergency stop under unanticipated conditions.Then,cognitive intervention was carried out through 45min Stroop test,and fatigue was evaluated by continuous addition and subtraction test,letter elimination test and NASA-TLX subjective mental fatigue scale.After mental fatigue,the subjects were subjected to the above lateral cutting experiment again,and relevant data were collected.The collected kinematic and kinetic data of side cutting action in various states are analyzed 2×2×2 multi factor repeated measurement analysis of variance,the main effects,interaction effects and simple effects of different test sides and different anticipated modes of kinematics and kinetics data before and after cognitive intervention were analyzed to test the level a=0.05。Results:1.In the landing process of lateral cutting,the difference of ankle dorsiflexion angle and hip flexion angle between the non-injured side and the injured side at each time in patients with unilateral FAI was statistically significant(P<0.05);There were significant differences in knee flexion,extension,eversion angle and ankle inversion angle between the non-injured side and the injured side at the time of landing(P<0.05);In addition,the difference between the non-injured side and the injured side of the knee eversion angle and ankle inversion angle at the corresponding time of their peak value was statistically significant(P<0.05).In terms of kinetics,the differences of P-GRF and ankle plantar flexion torque between the non-injured side and the injured side at each time were statistically significant(P<0.05).In addition,there were significant differences in ankle stiffness,load rate and the time to reach the peak of ground reaction in the backward and vertical directions between the non-injured side and the injured side(P<0.05).2.The knee flexion angle,ankle dorsiflexion angle and hip abduction angle of FAI patients were significantly different at all times in anticipated and unanticipated lateral sections(P<0.05).In terms of kinetic indexes,the differences between P-GRF,M-GRF and ankle external rotation torque in the process of unanticipated lateral cutting were statistically significant(P<0.05).The difference between anticipated and unanticipated cuts in landing time and time to reach the peak of M-GRF was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in ankle stiffness and load rate between anticipated and unanticipated(P>0.05).In addition,the difference of ankle dorsiflexion on the injured side between anticipated and unanticipated lateral cuts was statistically significant(P<0.05),while the difference of ankle dorsiflexion angle on the noninjured side between anticipated and unanticipated lateral cuts was not statistically significant(P>0.05).3.There were significant differences in ankle dorsiflexion angle,ankle inversion angle at V-GRF peak,P-GRF peak,ankle eversion and external rotation torque peak,load rate and ankle stiffness before and after cognitive intervention(P<0.05).There was significant difference in ankle dorsiflexion angle before and after cognition in patients with unilateral FAI(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in noninjured side(P>0.05);After cognitive intervention,there was significant difference in the lower limb load rate of lateral resection between the non-injured side and the injured side(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two sides before cognitive intervention(P>0.05).The differences of ankle inversion angle and knee eversion angle on the non-injured side before and after cognitive intervention at the peak corresponding time and touchdown time were statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between ankle inversion angle and knee eversion angle on the injured side(P>0.05).The peak moment of ankle eversion torque after cognitive intervention and the peak moment of V-GRF were less than that before cognitive intervention(P<0.05),while the ankle eversion torque at the peak moment of V-GRF before cognitive intervention was greater than that after cognitive intervention(P<0.05).Among the time indicators,the time to reach the peak of M-GRF was statistically significant before and after cognitive intervention(P>0.05).After the cognitive intervention,the difference of load rate of lateral resection between the noninjured side and the injured side was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference before the cognitive intervention(P>0.05),and the difference of ankle stiffness between the anticipated and unanticipated lateral resection before and after the cognitive intervention was statistically significant(P<0.05),There was no significant difference in these aspects on the non-injured side(P>0.05).Conclusions:1.Compared with the non-injured side,the lateral cutting movement of the injured side of FAI showed larger ankle dorsiflexion and smaller hip and knee flexion angle.At the same time,the ankle inversion angle of the injured side gradually increased with time,while the knee eversion angle gradually decreased with time;In terms of kinetics,the P-GRF,ankle plantar flexion moment,ankle stiffness and load rate of the injured side of FAI were greater than those of the non-injured side;Finally,the time for the injured side to reach the peak of V-GRF and P-GRF was shorter than that of the non-injured side.All these show that the injured side of FAI adopts a more conservative and hard landing mode in the process of lateral resection,and the increase of ankle inversion angle also exposes the lack of control of ankle eversion on the injured side of FAI.2.FAI showed greater flexion angle of knee and ankle and greater abduction angle of hip in unanticipated side cutting than anticipated side cutting;In the kinetic index,the unanticipated side cutting showed greater P-GRF,smaller M-GRF and external rotation torque;In terms of time,the unanticipated side cut shows a longer landing time and the time to reach the maximum inward ground reaction.These indicate that FAI personnel have adopted a safer landing mode in unanticipated conditions to deal with sudden changes in movement purpose and movement mode.In addition,the injured side showed a smaller ankle dorsiflexion angle than anticipated,while the non-injured side had no such difference.This shows that the injured side of FAI is more conservative than the non-injured side in the unanticipated side cut.3.Compared with before cognitive intervention,FAI showed greater ankle dorsiflexion angle,peak P-GRF,load rate,ankle stiffness and time to reach the peak MGRF,as well as smaller ankle eversion and external rotation torque after cognitive intervention,and the injured side of FAI showed greater ankle dorsiflexion angle,greater load rate and stiffness after cognitive intervention.All these show that after cognitive intervention,although FAI adopts a conservative landing mode,it still makes the lower limbs bear greater impact,maintain more kinetic balance,perform worse motor control,and may increase the risk of lower limb joint injury.After cognitive intervention,the landing buffer ability and control ability of the injured side are significantly weaker than that of the non-injured side. |
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