Demand Analysis And Countermeasures Of Family Fertility Support Policy

China is facing the dual dilemma of low fertility rate and aging.After the full liberalization of the two-child policy,in order to further improve the demographic structure,implement the national strategy and actively cope with the aging population,the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee convened the Decision on Optimizing the Fertility Policy for Long-term Balanced Population Development on May 31,2021 to officially implement the three-child policy and supporting support measures.However,the expected effect has not been achieved so far,and the reason for this is that the economic and time conditions are limited in various aspects.Therefore,in 2022,the Government Work Report proposed to improve the supporting measures related to the three-child policy,and 17 departments,including the National Health and Welfare Commission and the National Development and Reform Commission,issued the "Guidance on Further Improving and Implementing Active Fertility Support Measures" on August 16 of the same year and proposed 20 specific initiatives ’on active support for childbirth.In the current context,it is important to improve the family fertility support policy in accordance with the needs of the people and to provide a guarantee for the promotion of the three-child policy.This dissertation takes "comprehensive two-child" and "opening up to three children" as the background,adopts questionnaire survey method and interview method,uses factor analysis method for data analysis,combines qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis,and conducts a study on the demand for family fertility support policy in China.Some individuals and families of childbearing age and families who have already given birth were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey and interviews on the demand for family fertility support policies,and the data from the questionnaire survey on the demand for family fertility support policies were analyzed by factor analysis using SPSS 2.0 statistical software.The results of the factor analysis showed that the needs of family fertility support policies were divided into four categories,namely,economic support family fertility support policies,health protection family fertility support policies,timefriendly family fertility support policies,and service support family fertility support policies;and the reasonableness of the conclusions was demonstrated by compiling information from the interview records of some randomly selected families of childbearing age.At the same time,the current situation of China’s family fertility support policies under the background of "comprehensive two-child" and "opening up to three children" is sorted out,and from the perspective of the policy text and the actual survey,China’s family fertility support policies are characterized by the lack of implementation of the fertility-related leave system,the lack of standardized and diversified childcare services,and the lack of the family fertility support policies.Finally,in order to meet the needs of the above four categories of family childbirth support policies and solve the existing problems of family childbirth support policies in China,the thesis focuses on providing various forms of economic support,strengthening the construction of institutional mechanisms for women’s and children’s health services,optimizing the system of childbirth-related leave and solving the existing problems of family childbirth support policies in China.Finally,in order to meet the needs of the above four categories of family fertility support policies and to solve the existing problems of family fertility support policies,the thesis proposes suggestions for improving family fertility support policies in terms of providing various forms of economic support,strengthening the institutional mechanism of women’s and children’s health services,optimizing the system of fertility-related leave and ensuring its implementation,and popularizing public childcare services.