Research On The Characteristics Of Speed Skating In Heilongjiang Province Traditional Sports Schools

The traditional sports school is a school organization specially built in China to expand the cultivation of reserve talents in competitive sports,relying on basic education schools,taking the form of after-school sports training,and characterized by cultivating high-level reserve talents in competitive sports.As an important component of China’s competitive sports reserve talent cultivation system and an important unit of China’s basic education system,traditional sports schools not only shoulder the heavy responsibility of cultivating high-quality competitive sports reserve talents,but also undertake the important mission of sports popularization and promotion,cultivation of students’ physical fitness,and comprehensive development of physical and mental health.Currently,China’s society has entered a new historical development stage,and the new goal of the country for the development of ice and snow sports not only requires traditional sports schools to cultivate more high-quality reserve talents,but also plays a leading and exemplary role in the reform of school physical education teaching.As an important competitive sports event in traditional sports schools in Heilongjiang Province,speed skating needs to adapt to the new trend of the national ice and snow sports cause and the reform and development of school physical education in the new era.It is necessary to conduct in-depth exploration of the current speed skating extracurricular training and in-class teaching based on the new target requirements,providing reference for the comprehensive promotion of the development of ice and snow competitive sports and the reform of school physical education in China.Using the methods of literature,investigation,expert interviews,and mathematical statistics,this article takes the characteristics of speed skating teaching in traditional sports schools in Heilongjiang Province as the research object,and takes the Second Middle School in the New Forest Area of the Great Xing’an Mountains,the Affiliated Middle School of Harbin Normal University,the Yucai School in Qiqihar Nehe City,the Duobaoshan School in Nenjiang County,the Qianjin School in Nenjiang City,Heihe City,and the 76 Middle School in Harbin as the research object,Through a systematic study of the current teaching situation,teaching process,and teaching effectiveness,this article aims to clarify the shortcomings in the current speed skating teaching in traditional sports schools in Heilongjiang Province,and through analysis of the influencing factors,it proposes countermeasures for speed skating after-school training and in-class teaching reform,in order to promote the high-quality development of speed skating teaching in traditional sports schools in Heilongjiang Province.The research results are as follows:(1)The formation of speed skating teaching in traditional sports schools in Heilongjiang Province originated from the establishment and development of traditional sports schools in China.It is an extracurricular training teaching carried out to cultivate reserve talents for competitive sports.After experiencing five stages of development and evolution,it has transformed from a single training of reserve talents for competitive sports to the integration of basic physical education teaching quality education and high-level reserve talent cultivation.It consists of two parts:extracurricular training and in class teaching.The main goal of extracurricular training is to cultivate high-level reserve talents for speed skating;The main characteristics of in-class teaching are to develop speed skating skills,cultivate students’ physical literacy,promote the overall development of physical and mental health,establish lifelong sports habits,and cultivate a good sports lifestyle.(2)The speed skating teaching in traditional sports schools in Heilongjiang Province can meet the needs of teaching.The teachers are mainly male,and their ages are mainly distributed in the range of 25-45 or above.The education background of the teachers is mainly undergraduate,and the number of teachers majoring in non speed skating is higher than that of professional teachers.The teachers are mainly young and middle-aged,and the overall level of professional titles is relatively high;There are fewer high-level sports grade teachers,mainly without grades.Schools improve teachers’ educational and teaching levels through education and training;Although the venue equipment can meet the basic needs of physical education teaching and after-school training,the overall quality is not high,which is not conducive to the development of teaching and talent cultivation.(3)In Heilongjiang Province’s traditional sports school,there are significant differences between speed skating in class physical education teaching and after-school training teaching in terms of teaching objectives,teaching content,class opening,number of trainees,teaching forms,and teaching evaluation.In-class physical education teaching is based on learning and mastering sports skills,strengthening physical fitness,and cultivating comprehensive talents.The opening time of the class is synchronized with daily teaching,with a large number of trainees and a large proportion of teaching.It adopts the class teaching system and hierarchical teaching form,and evaluates knowledge,technology,attendance,and other aspects through quantitative,relative,and individual difference evaluation methods;The teaching of after-school training is based on improving sports skills and cultivating high-level reserve talents.The course is scheduled at a specific time,with a small number of trainees and a lack of teaching guidance.The main time is outside of daily teaching,and personalized teaching forms are used to evaluate sports skills and physical fitness through qualitative and absolute evaluation methods.(4)Heilongjiang province sports traditional school has achieved remarkable results in speed skating teaching.In terms of after-school training,the youth speed skating talents cultivated by various schools not only have achieved excellent athletic results in local,provincial,and municipal competitions,but also have achieved good results and displayed athletic demeanor in national and even international competitions,providing a large number of high-level speed skating talents for domestic key universities and provincial and municipal sports teams,and contributing to the development of speed skating in China;In terms of in-class teaching,speed skating teaching not only effectively promotes the promotion and popularization of ice and snow sports,but also improves students’ physical fitness and physical health to a certain extent,cultivates students’ good sports awareness,enriches campus cultural activities,and lays a foundation for the establishment of physical education habits.(5)The problems and countermeasures in speed skating teaching in traditional sports schools in Heilongjiang Province include insufficient teachers and a lack of high-level speed skating teachers,resulting in poor after-school training effectiveness.The main reason is that due to the impact of school staffing and salary treatment,it is difficult to recruit high-level speed skating teachers;The limited space and equipment have restricted the development of physical education in class and also affected the quality of after-school training.The main reasons are the limited area of the campus available for speed skating teaching,and the insufficient funding of the school to purchase more advanced training equipment;The number of students participating in the training has gradually decreased,resulting in a gradual decline in extracurricular training and teaching,which has affected the construction of traditional sports schools in Heilongjiang Province.The main reason is that the ice and snow sports training environment is poor,and students and parents have doubts about their future growth and are unwilling to participate in the training;The outdated training methods and concepts make it difficult for reserve talents to effectively improve their athletic performance during training,mainly due to the low teaching level of teachers and the lack of opportunities for further training,which is difficult to effectively improve their teaching level.(6)Aiming at the existing problems in speed skating teaching in traditional sports schools in Heilongjiang Province,this paper proposes to attract high-level speed skating teachers to teach in schools through policies such as increasing salary and open teaching arrangements;Actively seek the help of the competent department to increase the area of the speed skating teaching site on campus and purchase more advanced training equipment through expanding the campus and funding support;Carry out the selection of reserve talents for speed skating,increase the number of participants,and attract more talented students to participate in after-school speed skating training through preferential policies for enrollment and enrollment;On the one hand,teachers should consciously strengthen the study of sports science and speed skating theory.Schools and educational authorities should actively provide opportunities for teachers to learn and pursue advanced studies.They should also actively engage high-level athletes,training experts,and others to provide on-site guidance to schools,in order to comprehensively improve teachers’ teaching and training abilities.