Influence Of Increasing The Proportion Of Special Strength Training On Land On Short Distance Freestyle Of High-level Athletes In Colleges And Universities

Research purpose:strength quality is an important influencing factor of short-distance freestyle.Special strength training on land can have a positive impact on the physical quality and sports performance of swimmers.However,the impact of increasing the proportion of special strength training on land on high-level swimmers in Colleges and universities is rarely reported.Based on this,this study designs a 12 week training plan,To explore the impact of increasing the proportion of land-based special strength training on the physical quality and sports performance of high-level swimmers in Colleges and universities.Research methods and objects:in this study,20 male athletes(8 athletes and 12 first-class athletes)from the undergraduate swimming special class of Shanghai Institute of physical education were randomly divided into experimental group and control group(10 in each group)according to the sports level;The two groups received 12 weeks of training intervention at the same time,5 times a week and 2 hours each time.The total training time of the two groups remained the same,but the training contents were different(generally speaking,the experimental group received 3 land training/2 water training per week;the control group received 1 land training/4 water training per week).The experimental group only had two hours of land training on Monday,Wednesday and Friday,without water training.The training time and content of Tuesday and Thursday were the same as those of the control group.The control group received 15 minutes of land warm-up training on Monday,Tuesday,Thursday and Friday,1 hour and 45 minutes of water training,and 2 hours of land strength training on Wednesday.Training of core strength and auxiliary strength on land.Before and after the 12 week training intervention,a test was conducted respectively.Taking the physical quality of the athletes in the experimental group and the control group,the blood lactic acid value after full sprint in the water and sports performance as the research indicators,the physical quality,blood lactic acid value and sports performance before and after the training intervention were analyzed by using the methods of experiment,mathematical statistics and so on.Research results:in terms of physical fitness,after 12 weeks of training,the proportion of special strength training on land(experimental group)and traditional training mode group(control group)were increased,and the athletes’ bench press,squat,pull up,back muscle endurance The results of five physical fitness tests such as abdominal muscle endurance have a positive impact(bench press:experimental group:P=0.006<0.01,control group:P=0.013<0.05;squat:experimental group:P=0.016<0.05,control group:P=0.021<0.05;pull up:experimental group:P=<0.001,control group:P=.009<0.01;back muscle endurance:experimental group:P=0.015<0.05,control group:P=0.038<0.05;abdominal muscle endurance:experimental group:P<0.001,control group:P<0.001);However,there was significant difference in vertical jump performance before and after training intervention in the experimental group(P<0.001),but there was no significant difference in vertical jump performance before and after training intervention in the control group(P=0.613>0.05).Compared with the post-test results of the two groups,the results of bench press,squat and vertical jump of the athletes in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group(bench press:P=0.024<0.05;squat:P=0.011<0.05;vertical jump:P<0.001);The blood lactic acid after exercise was measured.The maximum blood lactic acid value of 50 meter freestyle before and after 12 weeks of training intervention in both groups was in the fifth minute;The maximum blood lactate value of 100m freestyle appeared in the fifth minute before the intervention and in the first minute after the training intervention.In terms of the maximum blood lactate value,whether it is 50 meter freestyle or 100 meter freestyle,the maximum blood lactate value of the experimental group after training intervention is significantly higher than that of the control group(P<.001),and there is no significant difference in the blood lactate value between the two groups at the 10th minute(P>0.05),indicating that the elimination ability of blood lactate in the experimental group is faster,which can improve the recovery ability of blood lactate more effectively than that in the control group.In terms of sports performance,the results of 50m freestyle and 100m freestyle of the two groups after 12 weeks of training intervention were significantly better than those before the experiment(50m:experimental group:P=0.050,control group:P=0.001<0.01;100m:experimental group:P=0.010;control group:P=0.011<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group after 12 weeks of training intervention(P=0.191>0.05),There was also no significant difference between 100 meter scores(P=0.176>0.05).Research conclusion:increasing the proportion of special strength training on land can significantly improve the physical quality of college athletes,which is reflected in the improvement of absolute strength,the enhancement of aerobic and anaerobic ability,the improvement of lactic acid resistance and the rapid recovery of blood lactic acid after short-distance freestyle sprint.It is suggested that the daily training of college swimmers can improve the training efficiency by appropriately increasing the specific weight of special strength training on land.