Research On The Transformation Efficiency Of Scientific And Technological Achievements In Colleges And Universities And Its Influencing Factors

Scientific and technological innovation is the key to enhancing the competition of China’s comprehensive national strength,and promoting high-quality development with scientific and technological innovation is a requirement for China to build a modern industrial system.Universities play a pivotal role in China’s scientific and technological innovation,it plays a pivotal role in the cultivation of innovative talents in China and the construction of innovative countries,and innovation drives the support of universities.However,at present,there are still some problems in China’s university scientific research system that do not match and are not smooth with the national strategy of science and technology power,which restricts the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of colleges and universities,so that there is still a lot of room for improvement in the scientific research input and output efficiency of many universities.Therefore,quantitative evaluation of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities and finding the factors affecting their transformation is the key to accurately identifying problems,and at the same time can provide important theoretical and technical support for the reform of the transformation system of scientific and technological achievements in Chinese universities.Based on the interprovincial panel data of China in 2008-2020,this paper divides the transformation process of scientific and technological achievements of Chinese universities into two stages: knowledge output and value transformation,constructs a two-stage efficiency evaluation index system,combines the network SBM model,measures the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of universities,explores the influencing factors of efficiency on the basis of analyzing the spatio-temporal characteristics of efficiency,and combines spatial factors.The spatial spillover effect of various influencing factors on the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in universities is further analyzed.The main conclusions of the research obtained in this paper are as follows:(1)The comprehensive efficiency and stage efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities have shown a steady upward trend in recent years,and have reached the optimal level at the end of the research,indicating that the transformation and development of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities in China at this stage is better,but the efficiency is still a certain distance from the frontier of production,and the efficiency of value transformation is slightly higher than the efficiency of knowledge output.From the perspective of the two-stage efficiency model,the provinces with low knowledge output efficiency-low value transformation efficiency account for a relatively large proportion.From a sub-regional point of view,the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of universities in the eastern region is higher than that in the central and western regions,and the efficiency value in the western region is the lowest.(2)From the analysis of influencing factors,the level of economic development,the level of marketization and the level of human capital can promote the development of the comprehensive efficiency and stage efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities;The level of informatization can significantly and positively affect the overall efficiency and the efficiency of knowledge output;The negative level of industrial structure significantly affects the efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities;The level of government support has a positive and significant impact on the efficiency of knowledge output,but the impact on the efficiency of value transformation fails to pass the significance test and has a negative impact;The level of industry-university-research cooperation can significantly promote the improvement of value transformation efficiency,but its impact on the efficiency of knowledge output is negative and not significant.From the perspective of local and ministerial universities,local universities and ministerial universities differ greatly in terms of influencing factors.(3)From the spatial correlation analysis,the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of universities in various regions in China is positively correlated in spatial distribution,among which the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements of universities in the eastern region is mainly high and high agglomeration distribution,and the low and low agglomeration effect is significant in the western region.(4)In the study of spatial spillover effects,there are significant negative spillover effects on the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in universities at the level of economic development,industrial structure and human capital.The level of informatization is a positive spillover effect,while the level of marketization,government support and industry-university-research cooperation do not have a spatial spillover effect on the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in universities.Finally,based on the above conclusions,we propose countermeasures from the perspective of universities,companies,and governments,and look forward to the research in this direction.