The Effect Of Total Factor Productivity On Employment Quality

High-quality employment is the pursuit of every worker from the bottom of his soul.Only by constantly improving the total factor productivity,promoting technological progress and upgrading the industrial structure,can we guarantee the continuous improvement of employment quality.In this paper,the panel data of 31 provinces and cities from 2007 to 2020 are used to analyze the impact of total factor productivity on employment quality.By constructing a theoretical model,the total factor productivity is taken as the core explanatory variable,and the industrial structure advanced index,factor input scale and human capital are introduced as control variables.The total factor productivity is decomposed into technical efficiency,technological progress rate and scale efficiency.The spatial econometric model is used to subdivide employment quality into average wage,injury rate,unemployment rate and insurance rate to explore the impact of total factor productivity on employment quality.The findings are as follows:(1)The whole country is basically in the process of upgrading its industrial structure,with steady improvement of total factor productivity and significant improvement of employment quality.From 2007 to 2020,the proportion of output value of the tertiary industry increased steadily,while that of the secondary industry decreased.The total factor productivity of all provinces and cities increased significantly except Shaanxi,and the improvement of technological progress rate explained the main part of the increase of total factor productivity.From2007 to 2020,the average wage and insurance participation rate of all provinces and cities have increased significantly,the work-related injury rate has decreased significantly,and the unemployment rate has increased slightly.The quality of employment has improved significantly,but the fluctuation of foreign trade and the growth of the labor force have also had a negative impact on the unemployment rate.(2)The improvement of total factor productivity in domestic provinces and cities will promote the improvement of overall employment quality,while the proportion of tertiary industry output value has no significant impact on employment quality.After dividing employment quality into average wage,work-related injury rate,unemployment rate and insurance participation rate,it is found that the increase of total factor productivity will promote the increase of insurance participation rate,the decrease of unemployment rate and the increase of average wage,while the increase of the proportion of tertiary industry output value will promote the decrease of insurance participation rate,the decrease of work-related injury rate and the increase of average wage.(3)The improvement of total factor productivity will increase employment in high-wage industries in the region and optimize the employment structure;The increase of factor input will also promote the optimization of employment structure.The above conclusion means that the government can promote the improvement of technological efficiency and technological progress rate,promote economic development and thus improve the quality of employment in the region by making preferential tax policies,providing funds for scientific and technological research and development,strengthening intellectual property protection and other ways.In addition,regional governments should not only introduce policies to attract talents,but also policies to attract ordinary employed people,so as to improve the quality of employment by increasing the number of employed people.Finally,in order to improve the quality of regional employment,the government should not only improve the total factor productivity and promote the upgrading of the industrial structure,but also introduce policies to reduce the work-related injury rate and unemployment rate.