Analysis And Training Of High School Students’ Reasoning Ability To Control Variables

The "Physics Curriculum Standards for General High School(2017 edition,2020revision)" has condensed the core literacy of physics,and since then,the term "core literacy" has become an important concept under the background of curriculum reform in the new era.As one of the important components of the core literacy of physics,scientific thinking mainly includes model construction,scientific reasoning,scientific demonstration,questioning and innovation.In scientific reasoning,controlling variables is a very important process.It is based on scientific facts,and the ability to explain or draw conclusions through data collection and in-depth analysis of phenomena is the key to individual scientific exploration.Therefore,this study takes the analysis and cultivation of high school students’ reasoning ability of controlling variables as the core content.Through the analysis of the content related to controlling variables in the compulsory textbook and the2019-2022 college Entrance Examination Physics National Paper,the demand and current situation of the cultivation of controlling variable ability in high school physics teaching are understood.It finds the entry point to improve students’ reasoning ability of controlling variables and proposes targeted teaching strategies on this basis.Meanwhile,it makes specific teaching design combining with the requirements of class standards,providing specific paths for the teaching of high school physics students’ reasoning ability of controlling variables.The following conclusions are obtained:First,in the new teaching material system,the attention and intentional cultivation of students’ reasoning ability to control variables are infiltrated from multiple angles and levels,the identification of variables and the description of the control process of variables are increased,and a variety of columns and illustrations are added to enrich students’ perceptual understanding.Second,with the deepening of the curriculum reform,the ways to test the reasoning ability of control variables are gradually diversified,and the examination of each process of reasoning is involved.The score value,the richness of question types and the difficulty of examination have been improved.Thirdly,starting from the different processes of control variables,this paper puts forward the targeted teaching strategies to train students’ reasoning ability of control variables.They are: Using Vee diagram,the overall design of the reasoning process strategy;Create a variety of situations to promote students variable recognition strategies;Strategies to promote thinking expression and exercise students’ reasoning ability;Mind mapping strategy.Finally,the above strategies are applied comprehensively to design the teaching segments of Friction Force in high school physics to further test the feasibility of the strategies.