The Impact Of Digital Transformation Of Export Enterprises On The Share Of Labor Income

Since the implementation of reform and opening up,China’s economy has achieved rapid development.A large number of foreign trade export enterprises have made great contributions to China’s economic development and the establishment of its status as a major international trade country.However,due to a variety of reasons,a large number of export enterprises have experienced a slowdown in growth,a reduction in export orders,weak growth in the future and other serious situations,and have fallen into a difficult business situation.One of the important reasons is the high operating costs of export enterprises,which restricts the impact of the international market of products.Under the background of the increasingly prosperous digital economy,in order to realize the cost reduction and efficiency increase of enterprise operation,it is imperative to carry out digital transformation in export enterprises.In the process of this digital transformation,it is urgent to carry out in-depth and accurate empirical analysis and quantitative determination of enterprise labor income share indicators,so as to help export enterprises reduce labor costs and promote the growth of labor income Formulate a scientific and balanced business strategy between protecting the legitimate rights and interests of workers.There are few empirical studies in this field in China,which is the purpose and significance of this study.This paper mainly uses the theoretical analysis method and empirical research method as the research method.First,it analyzes the theoretical mechanism of the impact of enterprise digital transformation on the share of labor income.At the same time,it further discusses the relationship between enterprise digital transformation and R&D investment,financing costs and total factor productivity,and the relationship between them and the share of labor income.On this basis,it puts forward the research hypothesis,At the same time,it analyzes the characteristics of China’s export enterprises’ digital transformation and the changing trend of labor income share.This paper applies the panel data of domestic manufacturing listed companies with overseas export sales business listed on Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2021,takes the digital transformation index as the core explanatory variable and the labor income share of export enterprises as the explanatory variable,and establishes a regression model to conduct empirical research on the impact of digital transformation of export enterprises on the labor income share,This paper empirically analyzes the impact of the digital transformation index of export enterprises on their share of labor income from the micro level of enterprises and explores its impact mechanism.The research found that the digital transformation of listed companies has a positive correlation with the share of labor income of enterprises,and enterprises can improve their share of labor income in the process of digital transformation;In terms of the analysis of the heterogeneity of enterprises,the test results found that the digital transformation has a significant effect on the share of labor income of export manufacturing enterprises with high labor intensity,indicating that the irreplaceable effect of labor factors is strong in export manufacturing enterprises with high labor intensity,and the combination of digital new technology and intensive labor factors,Finally,it can promote the increase of labor income share of manufacturing enterprises with high labor intensity;In addition,for enterprises with different human capital structures,it is found that in the sample enterprises with low human capital,digital transformation has a significant effect on the share of labor income.In manufacturing enterprises with high human capital,digital transformation has no significant effect on the share of labor income.This is because the export manufacturing enterprises have a large demand for employees with bachelor’s degree or less,and the export manufacturing enterprises with low human capital structure have combined relatively low-educated employees with digital management,production and other methods to improve production efficiency in the process of digital transformation,thus ultimately increasing the labor share income.In terms of the impact mechanism of export manufacturing enterprises on the share of labor income,the test results show that the financing cost,R&D investment and total factor productivity of enterprises have intermediary effects.In the process of digital transformation,export manufacturing enterprises can continuously reduce their financing costs,effectively alleviate financing constraints,and thus increase their share of labor income;The digital transformation of enterprises has also made enterprises increase their R&D investment,improve their total factor productivity,and promote the increase of their share of labor income.At the end of this paper,several policy recommendations which focus on this area are put forward: first,grasp the new opportunities for the development of the digital economy,vigorously promote the digital transformation of enterprises and gradually improve them;Second,led by the relevant functional departments of the government,the enterprise digital transformation association was formed by the Internet platform,leading enterprises in the industry,small and medium-sized enterprises,and third-party professional service institutions to gather the transformation forces;Third,smooth the information transmission mechanism of digital transformation;Improve the overall information transparency of the society;Fourth,enterprises cultivate digital talents through both internal and external training and taking advantage of the situation.This study has certain practical value for China’s various export enterprises to improve the employment mechanism of enterprises,realize the pace of digital transformation,get rid of business difficulties,promote social harmony and stability while ensuring the sustainable and stable development of enterprises,and take into account the growth efficiency and distribution fairness.