The Effect Of Special Olympics Table Tennis Training On Basic Motor Skills Of 12-15 Year Old Students With Mild Intellectual Impairment By Tan Xiaohua

Research purpose: Fundamental Motor Skills refer to the ability of different parts of the body,such as the trunk,limbs,and head,to work together to complete a certain action.It is also the most basic living ability and instinctive drive of a person in daily life.Basic motor skills are divided into two categories:(1)displacement motor skills(such as running,jumping,single legged jumping,etc.);(2)Object control skills(such as catching,kicking,throwing,etc.).Due to self factors such as adaptive behavior and intellectual function,children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities face significant difficulties in participating in physical activities and learning motor skills.At the same time,the development level of basic motor skills in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities is significantly lower than that of healthy children and adolescents of the same age.Special Olympics table tennis is a sports activity specifically designed for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities.Its technical movement structure and exercise load characteristics are in line with the physical and mental development characteristics of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities.This study introduces the special Olympics table tennis sport into the physical education teaching of 12-15 year old students with mild intellectual disabilities,explores the impact of this sport intervention on the basic motor skills of12-15 year old students with mild intellectual disabilities,provides new research ideas and directions for the intervention methods of basic motor skills of students with intellectual disabilities,and provides theoretical guidance for the teaching of basic motor skills of students with intellectual disabilities in the future.Research methods: This research adopts the methods of literature review,experiment and mathematical statistics,and selects 20 students with mild mental retardation aged 12-15 years from Jiaozhou Special Education Center in Qingdao as the experimental subjects.The experimental subjects are randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.The experimental group uses special Olympic table tennis for teaching,and the control group uses conventional physical education courses for teaching.The two groups of subjects carry out teaching interventions for 16 weeks,four times a week,and 40 minutes each time,The second edition of the Test of Gross Motor Development-2(TGMD-2),which has high reliability and validity,was used to evaluate the basic motor skills of two groups of students with mild intellectual disabilities before and after the experiment.Independent sample t-tests were used to analyze whether there were differences in basic motor skill data between the two groups of subjects before the intervention experiment,Perform intra group and inter group effects analysis on the pre and post intervention test data of two groups of subjects using 2 * 2 repeated measures analysis of variance.Research results:1.Before the intervention experiment,there was no significant difference in the scores of basic motor skills between the two groups of subjects(P>0.05).2.There was a significant difference in the total scores of displacement motor skills,object control skills,and basic motor skills between the experimental group and the control group before and after the intervention(P<0.01).3.The total score of displacement motor skills and the interaction effect of skill time * groups were not significant(P>0.05);There was a significant difference in the post test scores of object control skills and basic motor skills between the experimental group and the control group;The total scores of basic motor skills and object control skills in the experimental group showed significant differences before and after testing(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in object control skills between the pre and post tests in the control group(P>0.05),while there was a significant difference in basic motor skills between the pre and post tests in the control group(P<0.05);There was a significant difference in post test scores between the experimental group and the control group in the three skills of hitting,kicking,and overhand pitching in place;There was a significant difference(P<0.05)between the experimental group and the control group in the basic motor skills of hitting the ball,kicking the ball,receiving the ball with both hands,throwing the ball with the upper hand,and rolling the ball with the ground.Research conclusion:Compared to regular physical education courses,16 weeks of special Olympics table tennis training can effectively promote the development of basic motor skills for students with mild intellectual disabilities aged 12-15.Among them,special Olympics table tennis training can to some extent promote the development of displacement motor skills for students with mild intellectual disabilities aged 12-15,but the promoting effect is not significant;Special Olympics table tennis training can significantly promote the development of object control skills among 12 to 15 year old students with mild intellectual disabilities.