Design And Practice Of Problem Based Learning From The Perspective Of Computational Thinking Cultivation

With the advent of high information and digital era,new technologies such as big data,Internet of things,cloud computing,blockchain,artificial intelligence have emerged constantly,and the rapid development of technology has a profound impact on the thinking context of the times.Computational thinking,theoretical thinking and experimental thinking are listed as three pillars of scientific thinking mode,which infuses new connotation into the problem solving in the information age,it has gained the global focus,and has become a basic skill that people must possess in the 21 st century.At the same time,it has become an urgent need of the times and society to train students’ Computational Thinking.In recent years,the global computing thinking training has shown the trend of low age,practicality and application.In the newly issued "information technology curriculum standard of senior high school",computational thinking is listed as one of the four core disciplines literacy.A series of measures are taken to ensure that the training of computing thinking is steadily promoted in the middle school.However,the teaching of information technology course in high school is not in place in cultivating students’ Computational Thinking.On the one hand,the existing teaching focuses on the mastery of relevant knowledge and neglects the problem-solving process,which is not conducive to the cultivation of problem-solving ability in computational thinking.On the other hand,the passive teaching mode of "teacher speaking,students listening,teacher asking and student answer" takes the teacher as the center,which suppresses the students’ enthusiasm for learning,and is not conducive to the cultivation of creativity and cooperation in computational thinking.Problem based learning(PBL)is a teaching mode for students to find problems and explore solutions under the guidance of teachers in the situation close to real life,and to explore and cooperate independently with the help of learning materials,resources and teachers.PBL can fully improve students’ initiative and enthusiasm,focus on building problem driven and open learning environment,so that students can obtain the ability of creation,analysis,cooperation and problem solving,and highly compatible with many key points in the cultivation of computational thinking.This study first carries out concrete research from the theoretical and practical level,combs and analyzes the research results of domestic and foreign computing thinking and the theoretical basis of the training of computational thinking,systematically studies the meaning,core elements and implementation conditions of PBL,further explains and summarizes the support of PBL teaching for the training of computational thinking.Next,the author chooses the senior high school students in the internship school as the research object,takes the new curriculum standard as the guidance,and builds the PBL mode from the perspective of the training of computing thinking.Then,the teaching content suitable for cultivating computational thinking is selected,and the teaching design is made and implemented in the classroom according to this mode.Through the teacher observation scale and learning evaluation gauge in the teaching process,the changes of students’ computational thinking are analyzed by combining interview and questionnaire after teaching,and the effect of this research construction mode on students’ training of computational thinking is tested.Through the research,this paper summarizes several strategies in the application of this model:(1)to complete the teaching content reorganization,to formulate the teaching objectives integrated into the training of Computational Thinking;(2)to synthesize a variety of teaching methods,to pay attention to the use of a series of methods of Computational Thinking;(3)to design the PBL evaluation index,and to reuse the evaluation method of measuring the level of computing thinking.