Research On The Technique Of Broadband Tripolarized Array Antenna

In this paper,the miniaturization technology,wideband technology and array antenna related technology of the triple-polarization antenna are studied and analyzed.The main work includes the following aspects:1.By studying the working mechanism and construction principle of the triplepolarization antenna,the design of the directional triple-polarization antenna unit is carried out.Firstly,a dual-polarization antenna element fed by microstrip grooved line balun is designed by using the dipole antenna.In order to ensure the stability of the direction diagram of the vertically polarized antenna element within the working frequency band and realize beam upwarping,a distributed vertically polarized antenna is proposed.Based on the beam regulation principle of yagi antenna,It is proposed that a guide is added directly above the vertical polarization antenna to realize the upwarping of the antenna’s far direction pattern beam.Then,by studying the layout of the triple-polarization antenna element,this paper proposes the construction method of the integrated triple-polarization antenna element and the distributed vertical polarization antenna element connected at the top,and designs the miniaturized integrated triple-polarization antenna element,which has a working bandwidth of 24% and an isolation degree of more than 30 d B between the three ports in the frequency band range.In this paper,a pilot is proposed to adjust the vertical polarization mode beam of the antenna directly above the triple polarization antenna element,and the effectiveness of this technology is verified.2.The coupling mechanism of homopolarization mode and heteropolarization mode between the triple-polarization arrays is studied,and the decoupling technology of the triplepolarization arrays is studied by combining the existing antenna decoupling methods.By analyzing the coupling between the elements and the surrounding elements,it is found that the strong coupling between the elements and the vertical polarization mode is the key factor that restricts the performance of the array.In this paper,a novel neutralization grid decoupling structure is proposed.Introducing this decoupling structure into a binary array can significantly reduce the coupling with the vertical polarization mode,and the impedance of the array is not significantly changed.It shows that the decoupling structure is effective in reducing the coupling between the arrays.The introduction of this decoupling structure in3×3 array reduces the coupling between the elements,but makes the active impedance of the antenna port change significantly,and the realizable gain of the vertical polarization mode of the elements in the array decreases.that is,the application of this neutralization grid to the decoupling of planar triple-polarization array needs further research.3.The principle of triple-polarization array scanning is studied,and the independent operation of different polarization modes in the triple-polarization array antenna is eminently studied.Firstly,the characteristics of the elements in the tri-polarization array are studied to ensure that the tri-orthogonal polarization mode has a high degree of polarization isolation in the array environment,that is,to ensure that the tri-orthogonal polarization mode has a low correlation.Then,the scanning characteristics of the Vertical polarization mode are studied to enhance the polarization of the degraded region of the horizontal polarization mode.Finally,the designed 6×4 tri-polarization array is machined and measured,and the antenna simulation and measured scan gain are basically consistent in the whole frequency band.