Research And Design Of Millimeter Wave Beam Control Antenna And Microwave Sensor Based On Metamaterial

Electromagnetic metamaterials have attracted extensive attention due to their electromagnetic properties that are not possessed by general materials in nature.They have been widely used in communication,medicine,military and many other fields.The amplitude and phase of electromagnetic wave can be controlled by the structural changes of metamaterial units,and the mode of electromagnetic wave propagation can be changed.The metamaterial unit structure has subwavelength size,which can be easily added to microwave devices to enhance its quality factor and response performance.Massive MIMO antenna array requires a large number of feed channel systems,resulting in high system design cost and high power loss.The metamaterial lens can improve the overall gain of the antenna while reducing the number of array antenna elements,which greatly reduces the system power consumption and production cost.Metamaterials have potential in improving the performance of microwave sensors.Microwave sensors have attracted scholars’ interest due to their advantages of accuracy,easy integration and nondestructive measurement.In this paper,the antenna beam scanning control and electromagnetic information perception based on metamaterials are studied in depth.The main research contents are as follows.1.The new U-shaped metamaterial phase control lens unit.The metamaterial unit is a U-shaped structure,and 360° all-phase adjustment is realized by adjusting two structural parameters and superposing the phase shift range of the two.The designed metamaterial lens array can effectively regulate the electromagnetic wave phase,and regulate the spherical wave emitted by the feed antenna to plane wave,which improves the gain value of the feed antenna.2.Wide angle wide coverage metamaterial lens antenna design.By introducing the beam scanning angle parameter,the metamaterial lens element is designed and arranged accurately and the array is formed.The 9dB gain of the metamaterial lens antenna relative to the feed antenna is improved and the single direction ±60° beam scanning is realized.The wide angle coverage of ±25° beam in the other direction is realized by using different groups of feed antennas.3.Improved Split-resonant ring sensor design.As a unit structure of metamaterial,the Split-resonant ring is widely used in the design of microwave sensors.The metamaterial unit structure is used for miniaturization of sensors,which reduces the sensor area by 49%.Through the improved microwave sensor designed by structural optimization,the sensor is verified by the test objects with different dielectric constants.The test verification shows that the sensitivity of the resonator to frequency offset is improved.In the future 5G communication scenarios,the metamaterial lens antenna with high gain and wide scanning angle has the advantages of low cost and low power consumption,which will be widely used.The microwave sensor designed by metamaterial structure can more sensitively capture the changes of electromagnetic characteristics of the measured object,and lay the foundation for the design of more accurate and portable sensor structure.