| Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks(UWSN)is an underwater acoustic multi-hop network formed through self-organization by arranging sensor nodes with autonomous computing capabilities in the underwater area of interest.Nowadays,underwater sensor networks have been widely used in many fields such as hydrological data monitoring,disaster warning and military defense.Although the application and rapid development of underwater wireless sensor networks in various fields has greatly facilitated the development and utilization of the ocean by humans,compared with land networks,underwater sensor nodes have the disadvantages of harsh working environment,inconvenient maintenance,and limited energy consumption.limited features.These characteristics make the coverage of the network have a great impact on the data perception,acquisition and processing capabilities of the entire network.Therefore,this thesis focuses on the coverage control of underwater wireless sensor networks,and studies and analyzes the impact of using different coverage control algorithms on network performance.The main contents of the research are as follows:First,when the network is in the node deployment stage,this thesis adopts a simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm for the defect that the particle swarm optimization algorithm is easy to fall into the local optimum in the later iteration when it is applied to the network coverage under the condition that the nodes can move freely.(Simulated Annealing Particle Swarm Optimization,SAPSO)for node deployment.The algorithm introduces the Metropolis criterion in the simulated annealing algorithm to optimize the particle swarm optimization algorithm.The improved algorithm has excellent global search performance,which can significantly improve the coverage of underwater sensor networks,while making the distribution of nodes more uniform and reducing deployment redundancy.Second,in the network coverage maintenance stage,this thesis proposes a UWSN Hierarchical Routing Protocol based on Redundancy and Energy(HRPRE)based on the homogeneous network model.Because the cluster head node in the network undertakes more forwarding tasks,it is more likely to fail due to energy exhaustion,resulting in loss of coverage and affecting the quality of network monitoring.Aiming at the above problems,the HRPRE algorithm uses multi-hop routing to non-uniformly cluster the network by using the competition radius to reduce network energy consumption.In addition,the HRPRE algorithm also introduces a redundancy factor to optimize the cluster head competition mechanism,so as to reduce the coverage loss during the network operation and prolong the life cycle of the network.Third,traditional hierarchical routing protocols are generally researched on the basis of network homogeneity and densely deployed nodes,but it is difficult to maintain a homogenous state in actual networks during operation.Moreover,underwater wireless sensor networks are often sparse in some specific application scenarios.In this thesis,aiming at the problem of high data transmission energy consumption in heterogeneous underwater sensor network in sparse environment,AUV is introduced on the basis of SEP(Stable Election Protocol)protocol as a mobile convergence node,and the gray wolf algorithm is used to plan the cruise path of AUV.Data is forwarded to reduce network energy consumption. |
