Research And Design Of Solar BIPVT Intelligent Building Based On Internet Of Things

In order to get rid of the high dependence on fossil energy,alleviate the contradiction between energy supply and demand,and achieve the goal of "carbon neutral and carbon peak",the development and utilization of clean energy is urgent.China’s building energy consumption is as high as 45.5%,solar buildings can reduce building energy consumption,and solar photovoltaic photovoltaic integrated buildings can provide electricity and heat energy,high energy efficiency,is an important trend of solar energy utilization.In the preliminary design stage of BIPVT building,Weather Tool and Pvsyst were used to analyze the installation orientation and optimal inclination Angle of PV/T components.In the Ecotect built-in environment,the analysis model of BIPVT buildings is built to study and analyze the factors such as solar movement track,sunshine duration of building facade,shade range and annual solar irradiation that must be considered in BIPVT buildings.The results show that: The south facade and the sloping facade have the longest sunshine duration,the shortest shadowing period and the highest annual irradiation,which are the best two facades to arrange solar PV/T modules.The analysis method constructed in this paper can provide an important reference for the layout of PV/T components in the planning and design stage of BIPVT buildings.In addition,the comparative analysis of PV/T components in the building of several forms of combination,and the rain drainage waterproof structure design.This paper also introduces the Internet of things technology into BIPVT buildings,and constructs an intelligent management system for BIPVT buildings.Through Home Assisatnt platform for data storage and exchange,and using STM32,ESP32,ESP8266 and so on to build four kinds of intelligent control systems such as PV/T water cycle control,intelligent control and remote control,NFC card automatic control,voice control.It realizes intelligent control of devices by using mobile phones,computers and ipads at any place.In order to achieve series dimming,a series LED fault protection circuit was also designed.A 3D room model inside the building was designed and drawn using Sweet Home 3D.The model was imported into the Home Assistant for dimming design,and a 3D visual dimming system was successfully established.On the basis of intelligent management system,two data monitoring systems are further constructed based on ESPHome and MQTT client.The circuit design,program design,UI display interface and other design processes are described in detail.Experimental verification is carried out with ESP8266,STM32,various sensors and other devices,realizing the real-time measurement and uploading of various parameters such as temperature,light intensity,voltage,current,PM2.5 concentration and so on.PV/T fault monitoring system is also designed based on ESP32 CAM,which can capture and upload video data in real time to ensure that building users can determine whether PV/T components have faults in time.Finally,a fog and flame detection system was constructed based on Yolo V5 algorithm.The system realized the rapid detection and identification of smoke and flame,and uploaded the results to the Home Assistant timely and accurately,which could effectively prevent the occurrence of fire,reduce the loss caused by fire,and improve the safety performance of the building.