Trading Card Games Based On Blockchain State Channels

Millions of people worldwide enjoy video games,making it not only a source of entertainment but also a multi-billion-dollar industry.Traditional games,in which game data and rules are controlled by gaming companies,encounters challenges such as difficulties in cross-game asset interoperability and proving ownership.Additionally,a lack of transparency in game rules often benefits pay-to-win gamers.Based on the new features of blockchain technology,blockchain games will bring new design ideas into video games,and have high application value for protecting the safety of game assets and the liquidity of player assets.However,blockchain systems struggle in scenarios like games that demand low latency and high concurrency.An exciting proposal to address the above challenges is a technology called state channels.State channels allow parties to execute off-chain smart contracts by maintaining a "state" variable that records the contract’s current off-chain status.However,existing state channel research mainly focuses on designing general state channels,rather than applying them to specific scenarios.This thesis explores the use of state channel technology in the trading card game,designing a game channel,aimed at solving three distinct challenges specific to gaming applications.First of all,this thesis will focus on generating random numbers in game channels involving multiple parties.This thesis presents two solutions:one using reverse hash chains and another based on BLS multi-signatures.Both methods ensure fair collaboration.The reverse hash chain speeds up the process,while BLS multi-signatures save storage for fairness verification.The experiments show the first method works well for fast-paced,low-user situations,while the second is better for larger user groups.Secondly,to address the issue of high dispute costs due to large amounts of onchain trading card game data within state channels,this thesis introduces a off-chain gaming channel card game on-chain data optimization protocol based on vector commitments.This protocol not only compresses each player’s large amounts game data(cards)into a concise value using vector commitment technology but also retains the ability to verify card information accuracy.Using this method significantly reduces data returned to the blockchain during dispute resolution.Experimental results show that the off-chain performance of this protocol is within an acceptable range for players and reduces on-chain dispute costs by approximately 77%when the total number of cards is 150.Lastly,to simplify subchannel open for gamers,this thesis introduces a low-cost,hierarchical approach.Traditional on-chain operations for changing opponents or adjusting funds are time-consuming and expensive.With the proposed method,off-chain channels are divided into a main gaming channel and multiple sub-channels.The main channel manages sub-channels and fund adjustments,while sub-channels execute game applications.This efficient,cost-effective system enhances the overall gaming experience and features a location-priority strategy to securely manage user funds within the main channel.