Design And Research Of Low Power Consumption In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks are network systems that integrate signal monitoring,data storage,and wireless transmission,and are widely used in fields such as aerospace,battlefield reconnaissance,environmental monitoring,public safety,and smart homes.Due to the battery capacity is not enough,WSNs is difficult to work steadily over a long period of time.Therefore,making greater demands on low power consumption of WSN is necessary.This paper addresses low-power technologies of WSNs,and develops low-power design and research from the perspectives of sensor nodes and routing protocol,with the following work:A low power clustering routing algorithm based on K-means is proposed.To address the issue that the clustering effect of the K-means algorithm is sensitive to the parameters k and initial cluster center,the wireless energy loss model is used to determine the parameter k,and the centroid is selected by constructing a circumcenter model.The experimental results show that the clustering effect of the modified K-means algorithm has been enhanced.To address the problem of inconsequent cluster head allocation and cluster structure of the LEACH protocol,the improved K-means algorithm is used for clustering,and single-hop or multi-hop is used during data transmission.A forwarding probability function is designed to select relay nodes,and the cluster structure balance is maintained by using the remaining energy difference between clusters.The simulation indicates that the presented algorithm allows for a more uniform distribution of cluster head and cluster structure,equalizes the load energy consumption and extends networks survival cycle.Based on the type of flight measurement parameters,a wireless sensor node suitable for aircraft with medium-to-high speed,low power consumption,and small size is designed.Using a modular approach,low-power devices are selected,and power management and interface circuits are designed to reduce node hardware power consumption while meeting the requirements for node acquisition and transmission functions.Dynamic energy management of the nodes is implemented using DPM technology ]to further reduce node power consumption from a software perspective.A test platform is built to test node performance and network life.Multiple tests have shown that the measurement accuracy of the node for temperature signals can reach 0.5%,the wireless transmission rate can reach 391.5kbps,the packet loss rate is less than 0.1‰,and the bit error rate is less than 0.01‰.The node can work continuously for 109 hours,with a maximum operating current of 18.5m A and a storage current of 0.78 A,meeting performance indicators for both rate and power consumption.Network testing of multiple nodes shows that the network can operate stably,and the improved routing protocol extends the network’s lifespan by 19.7%.