Design Of Phase Reconfigurable Metasurface Antenna Element

Modern communication systems and many industrial and military applications re-quire innovative and high-performance antenna systems.In this regard,electronic re-configurable antennas are increasingly receiving attention from industries active in key areas such as space and terrestrial communications,remote sensing,microwave imag-ing,radar systems,and so on.There are various technologies for dynamically controlling electromagnetic waves in reconfigurable array antennas,so it is crucial to choose the best technology for a given implementation and set of requirements.In this article,we fo-cus on the design of phase reconfigurable antennas,mainly studying metasurface antenna technology,transmission line feeding methods,and antenna array layout algorithms,and highlighting their key attributes related to the implementation of reconfigurable structures.The main research contents are as follows:Firstly,this article provides an overview of the research background of metasurface reconfigurable antennas and investigates the current status of research on metasurface an-tennas and corresponding reconfigurable technologies both domestically and internation-ally.In the entire antenna system,the design of metasurface antenna units is the key to achieving reconfigurable antennas,and multiple factors need to be considered,including beam scanning principles,feeding methods,phase analysis,and other indicators.In the overall scheme design stage,it is necessary to comprehensively consider various factors,develop feasible schematic diagrams and layouts,and conduct simulation and optimization to ensure the performance and reliability of the system.Therefore,the design of digital control circuits and metasurface antenna units is a crucial component in reconfigurable an-tenna systems.Designed antenna unit array and feed network,and wrote communication program.The main work of this paper is to analyze and design a 1-bit phase reconfigurable antenna unit based on metasurface technology and apply it to beam control of antenna arrays.The unit structure consists of a patch antenna and a controllable PIN diode switch.By adjusting the diode bias voltage,the current direction is changed and the phase of the unit is controlled.Using CST simulation and Matlab programming,we analyzed the S-parameters,radiation efficiency,and far field pattern of the unit,and achieved beam scanning in the frequency range.In this paper,two antenna array elements with different feed modes are designed,in which the spatial feed unit is fed by a horn,and the waveguide feed is fed by a coaxial forced feed.The experimental results show that both designs have reconfigurability and good performance,which has been verified by simulation of the transmission performance and radiation phase of the antenna unit,and can be used to achieve flexible adjustment in different communication scenarios through on-site programmable control.In addition,the focus is on adjusting and testing the physical design of the antenna element array for forced feeding.After completing the processing,mounting,and assem-bly work,the antenna system is composed of independently designed power division feed networks,and the testing process and results are recorded.Finally,a summary of the fu ll text is made and future improvements are proposed.