Research On The Application Of Blockchain In Cross-border Supply Chain

With the increasing trade between countries and regions along the Belt and Road,cross-border e-commerce has emerged as an important growth engine in the market economy,supported by the cross-border supply chain.The supply chain is a network chain structure in the commodity flow process jointly built by the core enterprise and consumers,which includes not only various role entities such as producers,regulatory agencies,distributors,and consumers but also various types of data such as goods flow,capital flow,and information flow.Therefore,the key to improving the overall efficiency of the supply chain is to integrate complex data flows,achieve secure data sharing among multiple participants who do not fully trust each other,and promote secure collaboration among multiple parties in the supply chain.In recent years,blockchain technology has provided excellent solutions to the problems in the aforementioned cross-border supply chain,leveraging its characteristics of decentralization,immutability,consensus mechanism,transparency,traceability,smart contracts,and data security.While blockchain-based supply chains have addressed the trust issues of traditional supply chains,new challenges have emerged due to the different scenarios of cross-border supply chains.On one hand,privacy protection requirements for blockchain applications vary in different regions.On the other hand,the underlying architecture and business logic of different blockchain networks result in multi-dimensional heterogeneity in blockchain-based supply chains,forming new "blockchain ecosystem islands".To address these issues,this study focuses on the following research aspects:1.Propose a privacy protection solution for cross-border supply chains: To address the issues of adapting to national cryptographic algorithms and the flaws in the two-tier certificate structure of the Fabric official implementation,an improved method for Fabric transaction certificate generation is designed.The method optimizes the algorithm and simplifies the certificate structure.Additionally,a method for embedding the national cryptographic module into Fabric is studied to meet the requirements of national cryptographic regulations and market performance demands.Experimental analysis demonstrates that the proposed privacy protection solution achieves higher efficiency and consistent security.2.Propose a cross-chain interoperability solution for cross-border supply chains:To address the interconnection and collaboration issues among self-built blockchain networks in different countries and regions,a cross-chain interoperability model is proposed.The model includes three modules: blockchain networks,automatic agents,and relay organizations,to achieve interoperability among heterogeneous blockchain networks.Based on the proposed model,a blockchain registration mechanism and cross-chain data circulation mechanism with access control and identity authentication are designed to ensure the secure and trusted execution of cross-chain transactions.Experimental analysis shows that the cross-chain interoperability solution effectively connects heterogeneous blockchain systems with access control and identity authentication.3.Construct a prototype of a blockchain-based cross-border supply chain system:Based on the research status quo of the cross-border supply chain industry,a blockchain supply chain system is built based on the proposed privacy protection and cross-chain interoperability solutions,considering national standards and supply chain scenario requirements.This research provides a new approach and practice for utilizing blockchain technology to address the issues existing in traditional supply chains.