Research And Application Of Multi-Blockchain Model For Fruit And Vegetable Supply Chain Traceability Oriented To Tracing Subject

Compared with traditional agricultural product traceability methods,the traceability system built based on blockchain technology solves to a certain extent the problems of traditional traceability technology,such as the risk of centralized storage of traceability information,easy data tampering and data opacity,due to its characteristics of distributed storage,untampered data and traceable information.By integrating with Io T devices to automatically collect information and upload it to the blockchain,a real mapping relationship between on-chain data and off-chain entities is achieved.Based on the guarantee of the authenticity of the data source,the security of data storage is ensured,and the originality and transparency of traceability data are realized.The agricultural product blockchain tracing system achieves the traceability,trustworthiness,and investigability of agricultural product quality and safety issues,which is of great significance for improving agricultural product quality and ensuring food safety.The ledger of the blockchain traceability model stores data for traceability subjects such as enterprises,consumers,and regulators.Due to the complexity of the business processes in the agricultural supply chain and the large span,wide range,and long time cycle of product information tracing in the supply chain,the traceability data presents a huge and heterogeneous characteristic.At the same time,the blockchain traceability system established for the agricultural supply chain also has different traceability requirements for upstream and downstream enterprises,consumers,regulators,and other traceability subjects.Therefore,upstream and downstream enterprises participating in the traceability system need to make trade-offs in data sharing and privacy protection,traceability data is difficult to store and verify differentially,and regulators face huge human and material costs in regulating massive data.Therefore,how to construct a blockchain traceability model based on the characteristics of the supply chain to meet the business logic requirements of the supply chain and the traceability needs of various traceability subjects is crucial.The main research content of this article is as follows:(1)To explore the business logic and data characteristics of each link in the fruit and vegetable supply chain,expound the shortcomings of current blockchain model schemes such as single-chain traceability,link-chain traceability,and master-slave chain traceability,and study the reasons for the problems in the traceability system from the perspectives of application and technology;(2)Analyze the needs of various traceability subjects in the entire fruit and vegetable supply chain,establish a subject multi-chain traceability architecture,use the traceability chain to realize consumers’ credible traceability needs,share data flow between upstream and downstream enterprises through the shared chain,protect and authorize the sharing of privacy data based on the privacy chain,and control risk data of supply chain links for regulators based on the supervision chain;(3)The storage and validation schemes suitable for each subchain are studied.Combined with the on-chain and off-chain storage scheme,it not only ensures the enterprises’ demand for sharing public data,but also realizes the authorized sharing of private data,and ensures the regulators’ credible and efficient supervision of risk data,but also designs intelligent contract algorithm to complete the relevant business logic and demand of the supply chain;(4)Design a fruit and vegetable subject multi-chain traceability system,implement the system based on the Hyperledger Fabric system,and test the functionality and performance of the traceability system.The traceability system can meet the practical application needs of the traceability system.At the same time,it is compared and analyzed with other traceability schemes and applied to practical cases to demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of the system.This paper focuses on the traceability of fruits and vegetables,analyzes the characteristics of traceability subjects and data throughout the entire supply chain,studies the advantages and disadvantages of different blockchain traceability models,and builds a blockchain multi-chain model for the traceability subjects of fruit and vegetable supply chains based on this.The test results show that the continuous write throughput of the block chain in this paper is 120 pieces/second,and the query throughput is about 180pieces/second.The storage architecture of traceability data was designed and the fruit and vegetable multi-chain traceability system was implemented.The system meets the traceability needs of consumers,realizes the interoperability of public data between upstream and downstream enterprises and the authorized sharing of privacy data,enhances the targeting of regulation,improves regulatory efficiency,and provides reference and guidance for the application of blockchain traceability for agricultural products.