| County economy involves various industries such as agriculture,industry and tourism,and is the basic unit of the national economy.The level of its development directly affects the strength of national economic development.From an objective point of view,the overall development level of my country’s counties is relatively low,and the comprehensive strength is not strong.First,the development gap between counties in China is huge.According to the "2021 China County High-Quality Development Report",there are about 38 cities with a county-level economic scale of 100 billion in my country,most of which are concentrated in the eastern coastal areas.However,there are 1,501 counties with an economic scale of 30 billion yuan,accounting for about 80% of the country’s counties.Second,there is a large outflow of population from counties in China.Due to the low level of industrial development in the county area and the imperfect public service infrastructure in the county area,the county area has insufficient capacity in terms of employment and material wealth creation,and the county area population continues to flow out.According to the "2021 China County High-quality Development Report",the net outflow of China’s county population in 2020 will be close to 146 million.Finally,county finances cannot make ends meet and are highly dependent on transfer payments.According to the "2021 High-Quality Development Report of China’s Counties",it can be seen that in 2020,the growth rate of public fiscal revenue in counties across the country will continue to decline.Against the above realistic background,General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to the economic development of the county,and has made a series of major arrangements for the economic development of the county.In 2022,the "No.1 Central Document" once again mentioned the development of county-level enriching industries.By combining intelligent modern technology with county-level characteristic industries,it will promote the deep integration of industrial chains and innovation chains,improve county-level industrial governance capabilities,and create an effective entrepreneurial and employment environment,to improve the economic level of the county.With the vigorous development of e-commerce,the Chinese government has kept pace with the times.Since 2014,it has carried out the "comprehensive demonstration of e-commerce in rural areas" for 8 consecutive years,taking rural e-commerce as an important starting point to boost the economic growth of the county.and achieved remarkable results.As of 2021,1,489 national e-commerce demonstration counties have been established across the country.With the support of central financial funds,the logistics system,e-commerce training system,and e-commerce public service system have been continuously improved.In 2019,my country achieved full coverage of the comprehensive demonstration of e-commerce into rural areas in national-level povertystricken counties.In 2020,the total online retail sales of 832 national-level povertystricken counties in the country reached 301.45 billion yuan,a year-on-year increase of26%;the national rural online retail sales increased rapidly from 180 billion yuan in 2014 to 1.79 trillion yuan in 2019;the number of Taobao villages in China increased from 212 in 2014 to 5,425 in the first three quarters of 2020;the scale of the rural e-commerce market continues to expand,from 180 billion yuan in 2014 to 3,153.3 billion yuan in 2020.My country promotes the popularization and in-depth application of e-commerce in rural areas,with the purpose of opening up the sales channels of agricultural products through e-commerce,promoting the development of rural industries,and promoting the economic growth of counties.However,has e-commerce realized the development of county-level industries and the improvement of county-level economic level? What is the mechanism path behind it? The answers to the above questions will not only contribute to the further standardized and healthy development of e-commerce in rural areas,but also provide reasonable suggestions for the optimization of the county’s industrial structure and the sustainable growth of the county’s economy.Based on the above analysis,this paper selects the county panel data of 1,971 counties in 28 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2009 to 2018.First,the added value of the secondary industry,fixed asset investment,county-level fiscal revenue level,ICT infrastructure construction,savings rate five variables were used as matching variables,and the propensity score matching method was used to match the treatment group with the control group with similar characteristics to construct counterfactual results.Second,the double-difference method is used to investigate the impact of the national e-commerce demonstration county policy on the economic growth of the county,and to carry out the relevant robustness test.Finally,the mediation effect model is used to study the mechanism path of the national e-commerce demonstration county policy to improve the county’s economic level.The results show that:(1)The national e-commerce demonstration county policy can improve the county’s economic level by about 3.7%,which is still valid under the robustness test and the placebo test.(2)There is regional heterogeneity in the effect of this policy on the economic level of the county,and the eastern region is significantly stronger than the central and western regions;the economic effect of the national e-commerce demonstration county policy in regions with high industrial level and sufficient human resource endowment is more significant.(3)The national e-commerce demonstration county policy promotes county economic growth through the effect of industrial structure optimization,financial support effect,and human capital effect.Finally,according to the research conclusions,this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions: first,implement the national e-commerce demonstration county policy,and deepen and expand the application scenarios of rural ecommerce;second,build the entire agricultural industry chain vertically,and horizontally promote the integration of the three industries;third,it focuses on the incubation and introduction of e-commerce talents and expands the construction of rural e-commerce talents. |
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