| The reform of rural land property rights system has always been the key and core of rural reform.The economic take-off in the past century is closely related to the reform of our country’s rural land property rights system.In the policy proposition and policy practice of the reform of the agricultural land system,the party and state leaders have gradually established a unique system of agricultural land property rights in our country,which not only promotes the transfer of rural land,liberates and develops rural productivity,but also played an important role in contributing to the improvement of farmers’ welfare and promoting our country’s socialist modernization drive.As the logical starting point of the new property rights system,the policy of "separation of three rights" encourages the orderly transfer and large-scale operation of farmland by giving farmers clearer and safer land property rights,and increases the property income of farmers.From the perspective of the macro goals of policy formulation,the implementation of farmland transfer is not only an objective demand for the reform of the land system in the new era,but also an inevitable choice for giving farmers full choice and increasing their property income.In the context of development,it is the key to ensuring national food security and realizing rural revitalization.However,in the current special stage when the formal transfer market of farmland is still not perfect and the growth rate of farmland transfer area is declining,the effect of the policy implementation of "separation of three rights" cannot be determined solely from farmers’ decision-making behavior and farmland transfer rate.It is also necessary to evaluate the benefits obtained by farmers after the transfer of farmland.Because the transfer of farmland can affect the comprehensive welfare of farmers’ own production and life by adjusting the income and expenditure structure and leisure and working time of farmers.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the impact of property rights system incentives on farmers’ farmland transfer decisions and the welfare effects of farmers after farmland transfer.In view of this,based on the data obtained from field investigation,this paper interprets the relevant theory and mechanism analysis,and incorporates the farmland transfer decision variables under the incentive of the property rights system and the farmer household welfare index system into a unified framework.Meanwhile,this paper constructs the decision-making model of farmers’ land transfer behavior under the incentive of property right system,and obtains the influence of property right stability,property right security and other factors on farmers’ decision-making of rural land transfer through Probit model and Tobit model regression.On this basis,the propensity score matching method(PSM)is used to identify the net welfare effect and group differences of farmers’ land transfer.The research conclusion has farreaching significance for finding out the decision-making behavior of farmers’ farmland transfer and the welfare effect of farmland transfer under the incentive of property right system,and realizing the maximization of social welfare in the longterm farmland transfer decision-making.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)The impact of property right system incentive on farmers’ transfer decision is as follows:(1)From the impact of property right system incentive on whether farmers participate in the transfer,the confirmation and certification of farmland has a significant positive impact on the flow-in decision at the significant level of 5%,but the impact on the flow-out decision is not significant.(2)From the perspective of the impact of property right system incentive on farmers’ transfer rate,the confirmation and certification of farmland and farmland transfer contract have a positive impact on the flow-in rate at the significant level of 10% and 5%,while the flow-out rate of farmland is only affected by the farmland transfer contract.(2)The effects of other control variables on farmers’ transfer decision are as follows:(1)In terms of the impact on whether farmers participate in the transfer,whether village cadres,the health status of main labor force,the area of contracted cultivated land,certification and contract importance and being in the pilot area have a significant positive impact on farmland flow-in;Then,gender,education level,the proportion of non-agricultural labor force,the number of contracted plots,topographic variables,certification and contract importance and being in the pilot area have a significant positive impact on farmland flow-out.(2)In terms of the impact on the transfer rate of farmers,the educational level,family size,the transfer years and being in the pilot area have a positive impact on farmland flow-in,while the proportion of non-agricultural labor force and topographic variables have a significant negative impact;In the decision-making of farmland flow-out rate,age,the health status of main labor force,the proportion of non-agricultural labor force,transfer price,certification and contract importance and being in the pilot area all have a significant positive impact.(3)The welfare of farmers is calculated based on the propensity score matching method(PSM).The results show that the transfer of farmland has positively affected on the welfare of farmers’ families,which increases the annual per capita net income and per capita non-food consumption of flow-in households by 4051.7 yuan and1767.1 yuan respectively,and increases 2646.9 yuan and 1429 yuan of flow-out households respectively.The income increase effect of households flow-out is less than that of households flow-in.And the results show that whether it is farmland flow-out or farmland flow-in,farmland transfer has promoted the improvement of farmers’ employment.In terms of leisure welfare,the farmland transfer makes the leisure situation of flow-out households better,but makes the leisure situation of flow-in households worse.(4)The group difference analysis based on PSM method shows that being in the mortgage loan area of farmland management right and higher awareness of property rights can promote the improvement of farmers’ welfare effect.The annual per capita net income of farmers in the pilot area increased by 5438.5 yuan after the transfer of farmland,and the annual per capita net income of farmers with the highest degree of property right awareness increased by 5179 yuan after the transfer of farmland.However,in terms of vertical comparison,the effect of income increase is not high.Among them,the annual per capita net income of transferring households in the pilot area is 1029.2 yuan higher than that in the non pilot area,and the annual per capita net income of transferring households with "more important" property right awareness is only 736 yuan higher than that of "less important" transferring households.In order to promote the orderly and efficient transfer of farmland under the incentive of property right system,and help farmers make Pareto optimal decisions for family welfare,based on the main research findings,the following recommendations are made: Firstly,we should continue to implement the basic work of confirming and issuing farmland rights,strengthen farmers’ awareness of property rights security,meanwhile,further improve and standardize the farmland transfer market,and establish farmland transfer intermediaries to meet the transfer needs of farmers;Secondly,while paying attention to the transfer of farmland and improving farmers’ economic welfare,we should also pay attention to the impact on farmers’ non economic welfare,increase the investment of rural public service facilities,and strengthen the cultivation of farmers’ leisure consumption and cultural consumption;Finally,we need to improve the rural financial credit system,strengthen the publicity and support of the mortgage loan of farmland management right,formulate differentiated loan policies,and improve the welfare level of farmers. |
PDF Full Text Request