Research On China’s Export Efficiency And Potential Of High-tech Products To Latin American Countries

After the reform and opening up,China’s economy has developed rapidly,the industrial structure has gradually been optimized and upgraded,and gradually climbed to the top of the global industrial chain value chain.The export trade volume of high-tech products has continued to increase.With the in-depth development of the the Belt and Road,the trade relationship between China and Latin American countries has become closer,and international trade in high-tech products has gradually become an important part of economic and trade cooperation between China and Latin American countries.What is the current situation of China’s export of high-tech products to Latin American countries? How about export efficiency and export potential? What determines China’s export of high-tech products to Latin America? It makes sense to inquire into these subjects thoroughly.Using the data of China’s high-tech products export to Latin American countries obtained from UN Comtrade,this paper first analyzes the current trade situation from three aspects: the scale of China’s high-tech products export to Latin American countries,the country structure and the product structure.The result shows that China’s exports of high-tech products to Latin American countries have generally grown steadily,but there are problems such as unstable growth rate,unbalanced export countries and product structure.China’s high-tech products exports to Latin American countries are mainly concentrated in computer and communication technology,photoelectric technology and electronic technology,while the other high-tech products account for very little.China’s high-tech products are mainly exported to Mexico,Brazil and Argentina.Based on the analysis of the current situation of China’s high-tech products export to Latin American countries,this paper examines the natural and human factors that affect China’s high-tech products export to 26 Latin American countries from 2007 to 2020 by building a stochastic frontier gravity model and a trade inefficiency model,at the same time,explores the temporal and spatial changes of China’s export efficiency and export potential of high-tech products to Latin American countries.The empirical results show that China has certain trade resistance to high-tech products exports from 26 Latin American countries,and the impact of trade resistance gradually weakens over time.Among all the influencing factors,China’s economic development level and the economic development level of Latin American countries,as well as the geographical distance between China and Latin American countries,have a significant positive impact.China’s population size and Latin American countries’ population size have a negative impact on China’s high-tech products export to Latin American countries.Moreover,China’s economic scale and population size have greater marginal effects than Latin American countries.In the trade non efficiency model,the signing of free trade agreements,the level of China’s scientific and technological development,the degree of democracy,government efficiency,commercial freedom,monetary freedom and trade freedom of Latin American countries have a positive impact on the trade efficiency of China’s exports of Latin American high-tech products,while the legal system of Latin American countries has hindered the improvement of trade efficiency,and the regulatory quality of Latin American countries has not played a significant role in the improvement of efficiency.Finally,on the basis of the research conclusions,the following feasible measures are proposed: Differentiated export strategy should be implemented according to the product and country;Quicken the signing of free trade accords between China and Latin American countries;Accelerate the development of China’s high-tech industries and cultivate new impetus for export growth;Hasten the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure and optimize the export trade structure;Strengthen the level of intellectual property protection and regional intellectual property cooperation.