| In 2019,China began to implement a new personal income tax system,adopting a classified and comprehensive personal income tax collection model,and in this reform,six special additional deductions including special additional deductions for supporting the elderly were added.Expense deduction is an important system in personal income tax and an important part of tax fairness.It is of great practical significance to reduce the burden of taxpayers and realize the role of personal income tax in regulating income distribution.Based on this background,this paper studies the special additional deduction for supporting the elderly.This study uses the questionnaire survey data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)2018to measure and analyze the tax reduction effect and income redistribution effect of special additional deduction for supporting the elderly.Based on the analysis of the 2018 China Family Panel Studies data,it is shown that the special additional deduction for supporting the elderly can reduce part of the tax burden of taxpayers,especially taxpayers with expenses for supporting the elderly,but at the same time,it also reverses the income of taxpayers to a certain extent,which is contrary to the original intention of personal income tax to adjust income distribution and narrow the gap between the rich and the poor.Combined with the current status of the implementation of the new personal income tax deduction for the elderly in China,and based on the analysis of the results of the effect measurement,it can be found that the special additional deduction policy for the elderly needs to be improved in the following aspects : First,the scope of deduction is not reasonable enough;second,the deduction standard is not detailed enough;third,the deduction unit setting needs to be improved.In order to solve these problems and alleviate the reverse adjustment of the special additional deduction for supporting the elderly to the income distribution of taxpayers,this paper puts forward the following suggestions based on the relevant practices of other countries and the national conditions of our country : reasonably expand the coverage of the special deduction for supporting the elderly,such as the expansion of age and the scope of support objects;according to the conditions of the dependents,the differential deduction standard is set,according to the physical health status,age group and pension form of the dependents;establish a family-based deduction sheet. |
