| The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that we should adhere to the theme of promoting high-quality development and focus on improving total factor productivity.This project conducts an empirical analysis by building a fixed-effects model with a sample of the NEEQ Listed Companies from 2008 to 2020.On this basis,the impact of taxes and taxation on TFP of various types of enterprises is investigated at three levels: industry,region and nature of property rights,respectively.Finally,we find that:(1)Overall tax,turnover tax and income tax all have significant negative effects on TFP,and the negative effect of income tax is the most significant.(2)VAT,corporate income tax and social security fee all have significant negative effects on SME TFP,and social security fee is the most significant.(3)The negative effect of taxes on TFP varies among industries.The negative effect of tax burden on TFP in service industry and science and technology service industry is greater than the negative effect on manufacturing industry.(4)The negative effect of tax burden on TFP is also different among different regions.In the Northeast,the tax burden has a strong negative effect on TFP.(5)The tax burden does not significantly affect the TFP of state-owned shareholding companies,but has a suppressive effect on the TFP of other shareholding companies.Based on the above research,this project will be conducted from the following perspectives:(1)Improve the corporate income tax policy and reduce the tax burden of SMEs.(2)Reduce the social insurance premium base for SMEs to reduce their social security costs.(3)Implementing different types of corporate income tax policies for enterprises in different industries,regions and ownership systems.From the industrial perspective,the focus is on reducing information transmission,software and information technology services,and scientific research and technology services;from the regional perspective,this paper focuses on tax relief for enterprises in the northeast region;in terms of property tax,the main focus is on tax relief for the non-state economy.(4)A variety of approaches should be adopted to ensure that all tax relief policies can be effectively implemented. |
