| The third wave of Internet development, based on Web 2.0 and the third generation network communication technology, has made Geography Information System (GIS) more and more widely used in many industries. Nowadays, GIS have become an indispensable tool and the helper of our life, and it has experienced an transformation from simple application system in desktop computer to mobile GIS and geographic information services. With the arrival of the fourth-generation network (Web 3.0) age, based ontology theory, the development and application of geographic information system also ushered in the new opportunities and challenges. Geo-ontology has many potential advantages in semantic retrieval, data interoperability between different systems, knowledge level geographic information sharing and reuse and semantic modeling in earth science. How to combine current theoretical achievements with practical application to build spatial information service, based on geo-ontology, to provide more intelligent and humanized functionalities is a challenge badly needed to be solved. To resolve problems mentioned above, the research tries to systematically study the existing theories, methods, technologies and combine related theory with practice application, based on ontology and geo-ontology related theory system.The main scientific findings and achievements of this research include:(1)The tendency of geographic information system and the problems faced is examined. In-depth analysis of geographic information science is investigated according to its essential characteristic, and come to a conclusion that geographic information system inevitably goes to the semantic GIS, mobile GIS and semantic GIS service directions. Also the current situation, related technologies and the currently existing problems are dissected.(2) Systematically investigates the theory of Ontology and geo-ontology, the peculiar characteristic of geo-ontology, and a geo-ontology is created according to the existing geo-ontology creation method and related theory. First of all, detailed analysis of theoretical basis, creation means and basic principle of ontology is conducted, and then the special characteristic of geo-ontology, such as space feature and the traits of complex spatial relationships of geography object, is investigated. Both advantage of OWL ontology modeling language and the disadvantage of it in describing geo-ontology is studied, and related theory of bringing mereology theory, location theory and topology into OWL to solve the difficulty of representation complex spatial relationship between geography objects is explored. Based on the existing spatial database a geo-ontology is created using the existing geo-ontology establishing methods.(3)Use the already established geo-ontology in a retrieval example. A spatial information search example based on semantic retrieval is achieved, using the self-created geo-ontology and existing semantic development technology and related programming framework.(4)In order to validate the feasibility of the combination of geo-ontology theory and practical application, a mobile GIS is developed using existing mobile application development technologies. A mobile GIS is developed in a Smartphone, based on Visual Studio 2008, Windows Mobile 6 Professional platform, C# developing language and the Microsoft base class library (.NET Compact Framework), and some functionalities commonly used in desktop computer software are accomplished.(5)Use the semantic service based on geo-ontology in self-developed mobile GIS. The spatial information service based on geo-ontology is published in an Internet server, using Axis2 service publish container. And then, the service is called in self-developed mobile GIS by wireless means. Some simple semantic query and location based semantic functions are acquired with the help of the intelligent reasoning inquires of geo-ontology.
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