Study On Fissure Grouting Rinforcement Of Cliff Of Jiaohe Ancient City

China is a great nation of earthen sites, and only in the Arid Region of Northwest Chinathere are 43 national places and more than 360 provincial places. Because of the changes ofnature and effect of human activity, existence of earthen sites is threatened, even on the hazard ofruin. An earthen site includes relic body and carrier. Protecting technology of relic body isalready considerably ripe, but reinforce of carrier falls behind. The stability of carrier affectsexistence of relic body.Fissure is the main deterioration affecting the stability of carriers of earthen sites. Thegrowth of fissures will cause deformation in slope of carriers of earthen sites. Groutingreinforcing for fissure can prevent it from developing and strengthen its stability. But whichmaterial and method to use when grouting and how to evaluate grouting quality are the majorproblems of reinforcement of carrier of earthen sites.Jiaohe Ancient City is typically representative of earthen sites in China especially in theArid Region of Northwest China, and fissures in its carrier develop very much. Thereforeresearches on reinforcing technique of fissure grouting of Jiaohe have reference meaning forreinforcement of earthen sites carrieres.Based on multi-disciplinary view from geotechnical engineering and rescue protection,guided by the theory and method of relic protection, fissures in Jiaohe cliff were investigated indetail, indoor tests and reinforcing mechanism for grouting materials were researched, numericalsimulation and computation of stability of the cliff before and after grouting were carried,construction technology of fissure grouting were studied and progresses and operations havebeen optimized. And methods of rayleigh wave. The research has afforded a successful examplefor reinforcement of earthen sites. It main deal with the following aspect:1. According to the typicality of Jiaohe Ancient City in earthen sites of China, deteriorationstypes of fissures in Jiaohe cliff were investigated, and the types, cause of formation and law ofdevelopment of the fissures were summarized. Studies show that fissure is the maindeteriorations of Jiaohe Ancient City. Type of fissures of Jiaohe mainly is unload fissure, and maximum length reaches 50m, and maximum opening is 80cm.2. Numerical simulation and computation of stability of the cliff of sub region 41-5 beforeand after grouting were carried. It shows that the stability coefficient of the cliff is 1.014 and inthe limit state of equilibrium before grouting. After grouting the stability coefficient rises to1.090. That shows the effect of grouting for fissures of the cliffis filling the fissures to prevent itdeveloping and weathering, and improve the stability to a certain degree.3. Researches on engineering properties of grouting materials PS and PS-(C+F) and themechanism of action of seriflux and soil have been done. That consists of mechanical test,hydrology test, endurance test, integration capability and reinforcing mechanism of the earthfrom old Great Wall and old cities reinforced by PS material. Tests have been done onmechanical property, water-resistant, endurance etc of PS-(C+F) material. The mechanism ofaction of seriflux and soil after grouting was described. Then understanding of grouting materialshas been acquired.And it shows that the materials have good engineering characteristic and arefit for reinforcement of carriers of earthen sites.4. Methods and materials of grouting, use conditions and principles are compared. Byinvestigating the works through the grouting of Jiaohe Ancient City, the progresses andoperations have been optimized. The result was verified by engineering practice of typical cliffs.A logical grouting technique for fissures of carries of earthen sites has formed.5. By using multi-channel transient surface wave exploration in grouting, effects before andafter grouting were contrasted. The effect of grouting is tested by change of the wave velocity.And a non-destructive technique of quality detection has been set up in grouting of fissures ofearthen sites carries.