Macroporous Materials And Hollow Spheres With Colloidal Crystals Or Colloidal Beads As Template And Micropatterns Based On Self-assembly Films

The dissertation is composed of the following parts:1. The mono-dispersed colloids of poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate -3-sulfopropyl methacrylate, potassium salt) P(S-MMA-SPMAP) were prepared with soap-free emulsion copolymerization using one-step or two-step method. A homogeneous nucleation was realized when the concentration of water-soluble monomer, SPMAP, is less than 17mmol?dm-1. There is no aggregation between the particles as two-step method was used. The poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate-3-sulfooctyl-methacrylate, sodium salt) P(S-MMA-SOMAS) colloids and the P(S-MMA-SPMAP-NIPAA) colloids with N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAA) as thermosensitive monomer were also reported. The mono-dispersed colloids of P(S-MMA-SPMAP) and P(S-MMA- SPMAP-NIPAA) were used as building blocks to fabricate 3D-ordered colloidal crystals.2. The luminescence porous materials of CdTe or CdSe quantum dots (QDs) were prepared by filling the corresponding QDs into the voids of colloidal crystal by co-deposition method. After removing the beads of colloidal crystal with tetrahydrofuran the 3D-ordered porous materials of CdTe (or CdSe) QDs were obtained. The fluorescence emission of them shows obvious red-shift comparing with their aqueous dispersion due to the different environment of the QDs. Under the excitation of high-energy electron the porous materials of CdTe and CdSe QDs will emit photons that can be collected to form a cathode luminescence (CL) image.3. Three-dimensional ordered macroporous materials comprising DNA were fabricated via filling DNA and diazoresin (DR) molecules into the voids of colloidal crystal combining the thermal treatment and removing the colloids. The DNA porous material will turn into a fluorescent DNA/dye composite after staining with the Hoechst 33258 (Hoe) --a characteristic fluorescent dye of DNA. Furthermore, DNA/Ag composite porous materials were also prepared with Ag electroless deposition.4. The 3D macroporous materials comprising chiral polyaniline composites were prepared using polystyrene spheres as scarifical template. By means of diazoresin...