The Research On The SEA For The Solid Waste Treatment (Disposal)

With the rising of the economy and the development of people's consuming level, here comes abundance of wastes. The solid wastes mainly contain industrial solid wastes and municipal solid wastes. For above ninety percent of the industrial solid can be reused, the treatment of the municipal solid wastes is the up most work. In China, most of the municipal wastes are disposed by ways such as landfill cremation and composting. Meanwhile, lots of environment problems have emerged: the using the land field, the pollution of the air, surface water, under ground water and the soil environment and so on.As there are more and more environment issues, people find that it is necessary to protect environment comprehensively and efficiently, to use the limited resource sustainable. People also put much more emphasis on EIA, of which the scope are broadened and the level enhanced. It has brought about the regional environment impact assessment, the cumulative impact assessment and the strategic environmental assessment (SEA). SEA is used to evaluate the environment impact of the PPPs, including the report based on the appraisal and the application of the result in the public policy. SEA is the application of the EIA in the PPPs. It is a useful method to coordinate the environment and the development betimes. Also, it's an energetic tool to make the economy develop sustainable. The EIA regulation has been put into practice on the September 1, 2003, which established the legal position of the SEA. This thesis gives a brief description of current situation of the wastes treatment (disposal) and the study of SEA both in and abroad. It clarifies the significance of the implement of the SEA in the proposal of wastes. Firstly it can be used to optimize the planning of the treatment (proposal), reduce the sustainable ability and keep people's health. Secondly it can promote the development of the circulative economy and the sustainable development all of the word. On the other hand, it can be used for reference to implement SEA in other areas.The thesis combines the SEA and the treatment (disposal) of the wastes, studying these problems by using the theories and techniques of the SEA for the first time in China. In this thesis, the author studies the theories and techniques of the SEA in this area, constructs the framework of the SEA for wastes treatment, and integrates the theories and means of industrial ecology and circulative ecology into the SEA system, making the system much richer. It also implements these results into the instance of the SEA for the treatment of municipal solid wastes in Changchun, from theories to practice and back, using the theories to direct the practice, strengthening the theories by the practice, and testing whether the framework of the theories and the appraisal model are scientific and feasible, which can identify the theories and means of SEA clearly.The fundamental theories for the SEA of wastes treatment (disposal) are strategic theory, the industrial ecology theory , the circulative economy theory and the sustainable development theory. These theories direct how to implement SEA in the treatment (disposal) of the wastes.Strategic theory: policy is the core of strategic and the main display of it. As a result, the SEA for wastes treatment is also based on policy. These policies which is related to the body of strategic theory are also the theory foundation of the SEA for wastes disposal, including the simple policy theory and the deflect theory of the policy. There are many defects of the policy because people don't focus on the environment during formulating the department policies and the macroscopic policies, while the environment and resource policies don't put much emphasis on their impact on the social and economy, the policy can't be implement effectively and some even can't be implemented.The industrial ecology theory: one of the most important researchers of it is Braden R·Allenby. Allenby's ideal industrial ecology system includes four main conductors. They are resource explores, producers, consumers, and the disposers. Because of recycling, the transitions of substance between different members of cycling system are more than the substance in-out of the ecology system. The ideal industrial system model is not presented as the ternary ecology system model. For industrial system, it's not the only way and the necessity factor for sustainable development to become ternary model. From the stand point of industrial ecology the ideal industrial system should be close to the ternary ecology system and harmonious with the natural ecology system of globe, which is a large ternary ecology system.The circulative economy theory: the circulative economy is an economy model which runs as the circulative way of the natural ecology system. It requires to use the ecology patterns to regularize human's economy activities. In order to make wastes reduced ,recycle, and harmless; to make substance of economy system and natural ecology system circulate in harmonious ways and to keep the nature's balance , it is necessary to integrate the clean production, comprehensive use of resource, ecology design and sustainable consuming according to the ecology regulation. The characters of circulative economy are resource saving and reusing. It also can be called resource recycling economy. Developing recycling economy is an important way to control the discharge, promote to use the resource efficiently. It's the requirement to develop our country and an efficient way to promote our economy development.The sustainable theory: It has become a global creed to all the countries in the word. Sustainable theory is the sustainable development of the compound system which contains the social economy and environment. All the three parts can't be divided. Sustain ability gradually gets admissive and is valued. The environment provides the space, the carrier, the resource and the container for the wastes. The ability of which is closely related to the environment and human activities. Different environment has different sustainable ability while the same environment condition has different sustainable ability to different human's activities.The basic principle of the SEA for wastes disposal includes the simultaneity, the main body of the SEA for wastes disposal is the government department, the academy board and the public. The contents of the SEA for wastes treatment are the analysis of the environment impact, the indicator of the assessments, the prediction and the comprehensive assessments of the environment impact, the substituted strategic program and the reduction method of the SEA and the report of the SEA. Besides many techniques of the traditional EIA for the programs, there are many developed techniques which are related to plan and make policy in the SEA for wastes treatment. Taking the multi-objective programming approach for example, it is also called the optimization of different objects. Many but not one objects are always needed in the area of economy, administration, military, scientific and the program design when these objects are in conflict. This approach is always used to coordinate them. It's such an approach that combines the quantity and the quality to analyze different objects. This approach fits problems with complex structure and lack of data. However, the specific techniques of the SEA need to be studied much further.The implement of the SEA for the solid wastes treatment in Changchun lodged the sustainable development system of the planning for the solid wastes treatment. It includes the policy and the insurance system which is to optimize the wastes treatment systems and help improve the condition of environment, reduce the using of resource, and raise the sustainable ability of environment. The insurance of assets is one of the insurance systems for the construction of foundation facilities. It is necessary to extend approaches to get enough funds for the construction of the foundation facilities which is used to dispose the municipal solid wastes. The techniques insurance system includes the administration through all the course of the treatment, management and the transportation. The public participation is also a necessary system of it.The prediction of the environment impact for the planning of the wastes management development of Changchun makes it clear that the potential pressure of discharge will increase as the economy and the population is sure to rise. So the thesis presents many SEA control approaches, which include the implement of wastes control regulations, reducing the producing of the wastes in the urban of Changchun, the reduction, the comprehensive use, impacting the wastes by category, much more invest of techniques and funds, improving of the treatment facilities, promoting the treatment of the municipal solid of wastes industrially, raising people's environment protection conscious by education and dissemination. All in all, with the development of the city's economy, the rising of people's living standard and the increasing of the wastes. It's high time we studied the policy and techniques which are aim to make the municipal solid wastes harmless, reduction, and reclamation, combining the condition of Changchun in order to keep the economy social and environment developing sustainable in Changchun.