Mountainous Environment Geology Change Remote Sensing Monitoring And Driven Mechanism Research In Kun-Mo Road's Zone

In mountainous area along roads in Yunnan Province,environment geological disaster forms are except land slide,debris flow etc.which only happen under extreme conditions and have the space local or dot distributing characteristic,soil erosion is also one of the main form of land degradation and mountainous disasters distributed wildly along roads zone in mountainous environment and appears with the characteristic of space diffused trend,but opposite to land slide,debris flow etc. extreme mountainous disasters,the research to environment geological disaster of soil erosion or land degradation along roads is comparatively weak,and correlative integration system research is also fewer been seen.This dissertation aims at mountainous vulnerability characteristic of environment geology along roads' zone in Yunnan Province,selected Kun-Mo road and its neighbor zone as the representative,made certain typical mountainous environment geological change and its driven Mechanism along Kun-Mo road as the research object,based on knowledge understanding and application of environment geology research contents,methods and theories,focused on information abstraction of environment change by remote sensing monitoring and its driven effect and vulnerability analyzing evaluation along Kun-Mo Road,explored concretely and deeply to LUCC remote sensing monitoring and dynamic change,to precipitation erosion effect,topography etc.natural driven single factor effect,to driven effect such as road itself and its neighbor residential location,and to environment geological vulnerability evaluation along roads by integrating natural and human driven effect etc.,and got corresponding research results.In general,the results can be concluded into two aspects,one is about remote sensing monitoring process and analysis to environment geological change,and the other is about its driven mechanism.Within them,the research result of driven mechanism is also divided into theory analysis discussion and the deepening processing of typical factors' driven effect.In LUCC remote sensing monitoring and dynamic change analysis aspect,based on image processing and classification technique,this research acquired land use/cover classification information along Kun-Mo road in two periods of time, completed the change information technique process by using GIS space analysis tool,and analyzed correlative change characteristic and regulation based on LUCC transfer matrix.The main results include:1)Reference to experience and methods which are about regional resources and ecosystem environment remote sensing dynamic monitoring,this dissertation put forward a set of applied,easy popularized technique methods and work-flow which are suitable for mountainous road zone environment geological change remote sensing monitoring,that is,follow the technique method and flow that from remote sensing image preprocessing to forming a classification system,extracting classification information,verifying and valuating classification accuracy,and image post-processing to remote sensing classification,results statistics and cartography. LUCC monitoring application along Kun-Mo road is an effective case application for using this technique method.2)Bring forward "3S" integrated technique application program which aims at environment geological change study along roads,that is,carrying on road track's survey and sample points' investigation,verification based on GPS,using remote sensing image processing technique to extract earth surface's land use/cover classification information,using GIS space analysis and statistic technique to get change state,dynamic analysis and cartography expression.3)It can be get from LUCC dynamic monitoring results and transfer matrix analysis along Kun-Mo road that the research area had experienced obvious dynamic change of earth surface's environment geological condition from 1995 to 2000,viewed overall, woodland was the main turn-out land use type,while others were the turn-in land use types;the conversion relationship between each type along this road was main restricted to its mountainous environment.Transform relationship between the different types was relatively steady as a whole,the transform process of all land use types all kept with self- transform and self-contribution characteristic as the absolute subject;in the mountainous environment along this road,the phenomenon that farmland encroached by construction land was outstanding,and it needs to be given special attention.About driven mechanism principle discussing,the research concentrates in the next aspects:1)Based on the analysis to interaction effect between roads and its mountainous environment,this dissertation especially emphasize concern to the road's interaction effect with hydrologic,hydraulic processes,geomorphic processes,and block movement mechanism;2)Analyzed environment geological change and disturbance affecting,chain of events due to disturbance effect,disturbance feedback circulation mechanism, disturbance space extension effect etc;3)From exploring view,this research analyzed multi-scale research effect of environment change and its driven effect,revealed drive mechanism of environment geological change completely along Kun-Mo road.In the research to single factor's driven effect aspect,this research mainly analyzed driven effect,precipitation erosion effect,topography accelerated effect and vegetation comprehensive indication effect etc.deeply,explored comprehensive multi-factor's evaluation and the space difference of environment geological vulnerability,the result includes:1)In the analysis to human driven effect aspect,analyzed comprehensive influence distance level by 10 Km along Kun-Mo road,the human comprehensive influence degree of each county or city in road's north segment present the space pattern that centralized to a connected sheet,while under the same comprehensive influence distance level,with along this road's space extension to south,the middle segment which is constituted by Yuanjiang,Mojiang,Puer and Simao approximately present two relative centralized comprehensive influence centers,that is,Yuanjiang and Mojiang,and Puer and Simao.Towns distribute decentralized along south segment where human comprehensive influence centers were only separately centralized in the neighborhood of Jinghong and Mengna.2)In natural driven single factor effect of precipitation erosion aspect,acquired the space analysis characteristic of multi-years' average precipitation erosion force along this road,that is,present the distribution pattern that increased by degrees from north to south,the center of high precipitation erosion effect numerical value distributed in Puer-Simao segment,and Mengna district neighbor,the numerical value of erosion force was generally near 13000 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a),while the low numerical value center distributed in Chenggong-Jinning-Yuxi-Eshan district and in the neighborhood of Yuanjiang,and the former is located in plateau of Yunnan province,their erosion force numerical value was generally near 5000 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a);in the change characteristic inner a year aspect,it changed with precipitation season change in a year,high erosion driven effect was also concentrated in precipitation rich season,the intensity was generally concentrated in July and August;the variation level of precipitation erosion force between different years and its tendency rate approximately divided by Yunjiang River as the dividing point,the change degree between different years of south part of this point was more stabilized to the north,the precipitation erosion force tendency of north segment present increasing tendency, while the south present decreasing tendency.3)some outcomes can be get from the research to topography process aspect:the application of GIS technical based on DEM provides strong space support to mountainous environment geological analysis and evaluation along roads;Kun-Mo road district had obvious space difference characteristic of topography driven effect, the space distribution of topography which had high driven effect main concentrated in the segment from Eshan to Mohe,especially from Eshan to Mojiang;the segment from Kunming to Eshan was dominated by lower driven centralized distribution,Mohe to Mohan section was dominated by topography with moderate or lower driven degree.4)It can be get from NDVI remote sensing monitoring result that:the proportion of area where had good vegetation cover rate along Kun-Mo road was relatively greater, the numerical value distribution of NDVI had obvious space difference characteristic, the NVDI value of Kunming-Eshan section which located in plateau area was lower;in the section from Eshan to Mojiang,the space difference of NDVI value's distribution was greater,especially in the neighborhood of Yuanjiang,in its partial small area,not only had high vegetation cover value,but also had low vegetation cover value frequently,present bigger space difference characteristic of vegetation cover change; In the segment behind Mojang,the distribution of vegetation cover value was relatively greater,it means that the earth surface's vegetation cover degree is relatively better along this segment.5)The reason that caused environment geological change and its vulnerability can be concluded into two aspects' effect of natural and human factors.It can be get from synthesized consideration of multi-factor's driven effect,the most vulnerability part of environment geological system appeared in the neighborhood of Mojiang,Puer, Simao and Mengna along this road,moderate vulnerability district distributed in the neighborhood of Yuanjiang-Simao and Mengna,the wild mountainous area in Yunnan plateau area and Puwen-Menglun district along this road had smaller driven effect, and their environment geological was relatively stabilized.The innovation of this dissertation centralizes in aspect of research idea and design firstly,the organization to research content and technique route is not only emphasized the discussing to environment geological problems of land slide,debris flow etc.traditional local unstable mountainous disasters along roads' zone,but also emphasized viewing road project in mountainous area and its environment geology as an integrated environment system from regional landscape scale,aims at its system unstable problems,discussed its change dynamic trends,driven mechanism and main driven factors' effect deeply,this design provides exploitable meanings to environment geology research along roads.Secondly,this research aims at the problem that human driven effect research is difficult to be quantified directly,this dissertation realized driven effect's space distance conversion by using GIS application technology innovation,transit influence degree problems into measurable space diffuse distance problems,discussed corresponding human driven effect orientedly and quantitatively,realized human driven research's quantitative process, and it can be used into natural factors' comprehensive evaluate research.Moreover, this dissertation used estimation model of precipitation erosion effect which is relevant to regional soil erosion research into mountainous environment driven mechanism research innovatively,acquired time-space variation regulation of precipitation erosion effect quantitatively and orientedly from landscape scale along Kun-Mo road.In this research,the considering view and scale is mainly established in problems discussing along roads' zone,the results have macro view to some extent,that is, one of the exiting problems of this research is lacking of multi-scale consideration to environment influence and driven factors,while only limited in macro level,selecting main driven factors to develop research,the result necessarily has some level limitation.The existing problem brings forward struggling direction to further research, that is,giving attention to macro-scale and micro-scale,pay attention to environment geology's stabilization analysis of the whole system of road district at the same time to emphasize extreme mountainous disasters along roads,do further discussion and practical search to ecosystem environment geology's investigation,evaluation, programming,management and instauration,to perfect relative theories and technique methods,and to set up environment geology's inquisition and evaluation system based on multi-scale data platform along roads from multi-levels.