Study On Good Agricultural Practice Of Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum

Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum is one of the valuble Chinese herbs in South China. Its original plant is Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg,.And is considered to be good in promoting vital energy circulation and alleviating pain, warming the middli-jiao and expelling cold; calming the advetse-rising energy ang relieving dyspnea. It is used in stagnation of cold and vital energy with fullness and pain in the chest and abdomen, nausea, vomiting and hiccup etc.Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg is one of the valuble medicinal plants in our country. But its resource has been profoundly damaged, and hac been recorded in 《China Plants Red Book》. Now there are many problems in the cultivate and the quality so that influcening the developmemt of the Chinese formulated products which has the Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum. To ensure the quality, we carry out the standard of the planting and the study of the medical material quality according to the Quality Control Standard on Production of Medicinal Herb (Drafi),a Good Agricultural Practice (abbreviated as GAP) of Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum was studied in detail.The whole study included 4 aspects: selecting plant basement and analyzing environmental factors; species research; standardized cultivation technipue research and quality research. Based on the research we established the Standardized Operation (SOP) of Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum.Section Ⅰ Literature StudyWe looked the weak link and the problem among the studies of the Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum and raised the study content and the object after consulting many studies about Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum.Section II Experimental Study1. Selecting Cultivation Basement and Analyzing Environmemtal Factors1.1 Investigating on Social and Historical Background of Cultivation BasementThe vestigation showed that Dianbai county Guangdong province is the natural distribution of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg and the cultivated area has been the biggest area among the whole country. The result showed that Dianbai county has the superiority society condition.1.2 Investigation of Environment conditionsAn investigation on the environment conditions shows that the geograpgy location, weather condition and soil of this area tif well to the growth requirement of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg. 13 Analysis of Air, Soil and WaterThe sample of air,soil and water of Dianbai county were analyzed, the results show that their qualities are much better than the national standard set by the Quality Control Standar on Production of Medicinal Herb {Draft).2. Study on germplasm resource2.1 Resource examinationWe investigated the resource distribution of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg and acknowledged that there are resources in Southeast part, Southwest part and South of Central region of Guangdong Province. Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg wild distributed in Hainan, Taiwan, Guangxi, Fujian and Ghizhou ect.2.2 Research on Botanic Characteristics of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) GilgWe observed and described the botanical morphologic characteristics and the pollen grain of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg. There are numerous pollen grain under the scanning electron microscope, simple grain, round or ellipse,.Extine has round granulo-omamentation which has the most one prominence and there are spacing between the other, germ pore has one.2.3 Study of farm category and wild speciesWe observed and described the botanical morphologic characteristics of the farm category and wild species, including the cutex of leaf, surface of fruit, pollen grain. The results showed that the big species and the middle species have near characteristics. There are Cerea thingabove the epicuticle of leaf. The raised texture are level and straight. The form of stoma is anomocytic type,obelong. Guard cells bulge. The surrounding of stoma are smooth and glossy. The stomatal apparatus and stomatal index of litter species is bigger than the front two and the guard cell are introcession. The surface of the leaf of wild species is rugosity. The urrounding of the stoma has feather mesh.2.4 RAPD analysisWe bolting 15 pieces of primers which has higher polymorphism from 70 pieces of random oligonucleotide primergerm plasm and carried out PCR enlarging. The results showed that the farm category and wild species have DNA polymorphism. These variations result in the different of morphologic characteristics.3. Study on the Standardized Cultivation of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg 3.1 Study on quality of the seeds and Study on ultra low temperature storage3.1.1 Study on quality of the seedsWe carried out the study on appearance identification, quality inspection including 1000-seed weight, impurity test, water content, vigor detection, germination capacity ect, and storage method. The result showed that germination capacity of fresh seed is higher than normal water content seed. But the fresh seed is not storaged. The low temperature is useful for the seed storage.3.1.2 Study on ultra low temperature storageWe observed the effect on germination capacity after storaged in ultra low tempetrature. The result showed that the seeds also have higher germination capacity after laied up in liquid nitrogen 55 days. 3.2Seedling Technique 33Plant Technique 3.4Fertilization StudyThe soil fertility was deficient by diagnosing. We carried out the different fertilizer experiments. The result showed that farmer fertilizer can promote the growth of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg and was easy to spread.3.5 Investigation and Prevention of harmful Insects and Diseases of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) GilgInvestigation of disease and harmful insects showed that blight disease is the main disease during eedling. Heortia vitessoides Moore, Nadezhdiella sp., Archernius sp., Anomala sp. are the main insect pest in GAP cultiviation. Methods og prevention include agricultural, biological and chemical preventions. 3.6 Study on man-made Edgeworthia chrysantha Lind 3.7Collect and elaboration 4.Study on quality of medical materia4.1 Study on chemical composition4.1.1 Study on chromone componentsWe have abstracted and identified 8 chromone components from the acetic ether site by gel silica column chromatography repeatedly and dissolvant recrystallisation;. Four compounds haved identified by four optical spectra, two new compounds 6,8- dihydroxy-2-[2-(3' -methoxy-4- hydroxyl phenylethyl] chromone ( I) and 6-hydroxy-2-[2- (3- methoxy-4'-hydroxy phenylethyl) ] chromone (II) .one haved known compounds, 6- methoxy-2-[2- (3' -methoxy-4' -hydroxyl phenylethyl) jchromone. One triterpenoid compound Hederagenin.4.1.2 Analysis of GC-MSGC-MS was used to analyze the volatile components extracted by distillation. The results showed the essential oil components consist of triterpenes, such as agarospirol, Guaiol, a-Copaen-11-ol ect The content of agarospirol and Guaiol are higher man others.4.2 Study on fingerprintHPLC method was applied for assessment of chromone components. The preparation of sample, the HPLC column, elution mode, and gradient program were optimized in order to obtain high quality HPLC fingerprint profile. HPLC analysis was performed on a Luna C-18 column(250.0mmX4.6mm,5Mm) with the mixture of methanol(A) and H2CXB) gradient elution. The column temperature was setup at 40 "C , the detection wave length is 330nm, and the flow-rate was lml/min. The reference solution of chemical standards and sample were injected into HPLCsystem,respectively. The result showed that the HPLC of domestic commodity can be divided three section, appearance time of the front chromatographic peak was during 8min~19min, the middle was during 22min~30min, the last was during 36min~41min, showing 8 owned by both peaks which can be seen characteristic peaks,used to...