| Background and Purpose Hypoimmunity has been widely supposed as one of the main causes for occurring of cancer. In order to inducing an local anti- tumor immune response in patients with liver cancer, superantigen-based immunotherapy by ultrasonically guided superantigen injections with microwave coagulation therapy has been performed in our unit. The administrations of Highly Agglutinative Staphylococin ( HAS ) at the tumor site have been used as the therapy of choice, which provokes a substantial nonspecific immune cellular activation to target T-cells to the tumor area, to recongnize tumor cells, and direct a more specific anti-tumor immune response . Also, in the clinical phase III trial of HAS, the efforts for the obseration of effect and prognosis of liver cancer have been made successfully, while the relation between local immune response in tumor area and prognosis of the disease has been discussed in this trial. Patients and Methods Eligible patients were required to be volunteers in this clinical phase 111 trial and to have a histologic diagnosis of liver cancer, which include hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) and matastatic carcinoma of the liver. 10 Twenty-two patients in HAS group have been performed ultrasonically guided PMCT and PHIT at day 3 after PMCT, while a series of PHIl at day 7, day 30, month 3, month 6, month 9 , and month 12 after PMCT has also been repeated. Ultrasonically guided fine needle biopsy has also been made at the same time . In control group , twenty patients have been only performed ultrasonically guided PMCT and fine needle biopsy at day 3, day 7, and day 30 after PMCT. Before the initiation of treatment, intramuscular injections of HAS for 3 days required to be made in HAS group. Also , a comprehensive medical history and physical examination, complete blood count, biochemical profile, coagulation function test, blood AFP test, urinalysis, abdominal colour Doppler ultrasonography and CT were performed both in HAS group and in control group. Tissue samples from the patients with liver cancer were obtained each time before treatment and fixed in formalin for acquiring of paraffin-embeded tissue sections. Immunohistochemistry analyses have been made to confirm the local immune responses after repeated injections of HAS at tumor site under the guidance of ultrasonography. The cells during the anti-tumor effects of superantigen injections have been observed and described as the followings CD3-positive cells.. CD4- positive cells.. CD8-positive cells.. CD2O-positive cells. CD57-positives cells.. and CD68-positive cells. Also,the cell ratio of CD4:CD8 , the expressions of Fas-L and Bcl-2 at lymphocytes, and neutrophils( HE staining ) counting have been studied in this trial. Statistical significance was determined by the t-test, f-test, q- test, and Log-Rank test using the program SAS System ( Release 6.12 ),while the yearly survival rate and the yearly unrecurrené‘• rate were determined by the Kaplan-Meier method. 11 Re8ults 1.Histological examination by HE staining demonstrate thecoagulative necrosis with substantia1 leukocytes invading at day 3 after PMCT Atypital secondary phenomenon is the infiltration of increased lymphocytes and alittle more neutrophils, which have significant difference with pre-PMCT(P<0.01 ). Furthermore, at day 7 after PMCT the numb...
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