| The human heart is an important organ with four chambers and a lot of fine structures, connecting many vessels. It would be very useful in clinical diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases to recognize the structures of the heart through meticulous and integrated thin sectional anatomy. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has provided a new window for diagnosing the heart diseases. The frequency of multiplane TEE probe is higher than that of the traditional Transthoracic Echocardiography(TTE), so TEE can display the fine structures which are not displayed or not clearly displayed by TTE. The sections of 0o and 90o orientation to the transection of human body are regular scanning orientations of single-plane and biplane TEE, which are parallel to the short and long axis of the human body and the esophagus respectively. The sections of 45o and 135oorientation are parallel to the short and long axis of the heart respectively, embracing abundant anatomic information. So 0o, 45o, 90o, 135o orientations are the basic scanning orientations of multiplane TEE. But many sections obtained from multiplane TEE always make doctors confused because of their changefulness. It would be helpful for a doctor to identify the anatomic structures of each section of multiplane TEE by comparing TEE section with anatomic thin section. A doctor usually goes through difficult thinking procedure to imagine spatial position and orientation of internal structures only depending on two-dimensional (2D) images. So the study of the three-dimensional (3D) virtual heart will play an important role in helping the ultrasonographic and surgical doctors to understand the internal anatomic structures from each direction and section.In this study, firstly, the technology of the frozen thin cross-sectional anatomy was used to obtain the thin sectional anatomic data of the heart with esophagus from 0o, 45o, 90o, 135o orientations, meanwhile the data from the hearts of first Chinese visible human male and female was observed. Secondly, the hearts of normal adults were detected using multiplane TEE, compared with the thin sectional anatomy, and the structural regularity of the four orientations of multiplane TEE scans was analyzed and summarized. The 2D imaging dataof anatomy and ultrasonography was transferred respectively into a SGI workstation and a Tomtec workstation to complete the three-dimensional reconstruction of the heart, the great vessels, and the cardiac internal structures, the results being compared. At the same time, the software VRM which was provided by Hongkong Chinese University was used to establish the model of virtual heart. At last, the best sections and orientations which were ensured by the comparable study between the thin sectional anatomy and multiplane TEE were used to diagnose the heart diseases. The best orientations and sections for diagnosing heart diseases were summarized and analyzed. The aims were: (1) to clarify the morphological characteristics and anatomic structural regularity of the thin section of the heart and the great vessels with esophagus from 0o, 45o, 90o, 135o orientations; (2) to sum up the morphological regularity of the multiplane TEE sections of 0o, 45o, 90o, 135o orientations, compared with thin sectional anatomy of the heart to ensure the best sections and orientations which could display clearly the main structures of the heart and the great vessels; (3) to establish 3D digital model of virtual heart and great vessels, to interpret the 3D shape, spatial position, and structural relationship of the heart and the great vessels, and to provide the morphological bases for imaging diagnosis and surgical operation of the heart diseases. (4) to ensure the best sections and orientations of multiplane TEE in diagnosing the heart diseases. The main results and conclusions were as follows:(1) The data of continuous thin sectional anatomy from four orientations were obtained, and the morphological regularity were integrally interpreted in order to provide the sectional anatomic bases for imaging...
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