Study On Tissue-Engineering Bone Formation By Bone Marrow Stromal Cell, Osteoblast Combined With The Porous Ceramics Scaffolds

Bone defects as results of injury or disease are common in surgical disease. Current therapies include autografting and allografting bone transplantation, artificial fabrication of materials to provide appropriate scaffolding to repair bone defects. However, these treatments have a number of limitations, which could not meet the clinical requirement. With the appearance and development of tissue engineering, it provided bran-new, efficacious therapies thought for tissue and organ defect repair. Tissue engineering involves the use of living cells to develop biological substitutes for tissue replacements, which is the study of the growth of new connective tissues, or organs, from cells and a collagenous scaffolds to produce a fully functional organ for implantation back into the donor host. Tissue engineering represents a new field that aims to grow complex, three-dimensional tissues or organs in the laboratory replace those tissues and organs lost by disease, trauma, or congenital abnormalities. This technique will allow organs to be grown from implantation (rather than transplantation) and hence free from immunological rejection.The urgency requirementin clinical therapy of bone defect and the relative single characteristics in physical structures of bone tissue stimulated the developing of bone tissue engineering. Tissue-engineered artificial bone became the most prospective tissue engineering harvest that can be used in clinical applications. In essence, three elements are central in bone tissue engineering: seed —cells, scaffolds material, interaction of cells and scaffolds. With the development in bone tissue engineering technology, the key question in clinical practice of tissue-engineering bone focus on the choose of efficacious precursor cells, appropriate biological scaffolds material and the biological compatibilities of the compound.Strong proliferation capacity and well osteogenesis function are necessary for seed-cells in bone tissue engineering.The main origin of bone seed-cells came from bone, periosteum, bone marrow , tissue around of bone and inchoate embryo, Nowdays, periosteal—derived osteoblast (POB) andbone marrow stromal cell (BMSCs) are commonly used as seed-cells in bone -tissue engineering .Studies on POB are well carry out for many years, the main source of seed-cellsusually came from mice ,rabbits, etc. Despite the resemblance of mammalian metabolism comparing with human being, animal-derived seed-cells for bone tissue engineering and regeneration in clinical practice remains unclear. In turns, research on periosteal-derived osteoblast from human being are still indispensable.It has long been known that BMSCs have a vast proliferation capacity for regeneration with stem cell characteristics in cell culture in vitroo. Furthermore, these stem cells generate progenitors committed to one or more cell lines with an apparent degree of plasticity or interconversion. In addition, human bone marrow osteoprogenitors can be isolated from body easily and enriched using selective markers, such as STRO-1, from a CD34+ fraction. BMSCs has opened up the potential prospect in bone tissue engineering.In preliminary studies, the culture methods of BMSCs have been established in vitro. BMSCs multi-differentiate potential, low osteogenesis quality relatively, the unclear differentiation condition and the mechanism to multifarious inducement remaining unknow, result in research of this fields still in exploring. It is reported that osteoblast and revulsant (Dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, β -glycerophosphate) respectively or combined operate on BMSCs, in the same time semipermeable membranes were used in mixotrophic cultivation to explore the interaction of varies cells. While studies on osteoblast accelerating the proliferation and differentiation through cell co-culturing were still uncommon.Bioceramic has the similar structure and component with crude materials, with best biocompatiblity and integrative capability with bone. Furthermore bioceramic were intensive and wearable, which were plastic to spongy scaffo...