| Influenza virus belongs to Orthomyxoviridae family, and is divided into three types (Type A, B and C) according to the characteristics of nucleoprotein (NP) and matrix protein. Based on the different protein antigenicity of hamagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) on virion surface, Influenza A virus can be further divided into different subunits. At present, there are 16 HA subunits and 9 NA subunits of Influenza A virus. WHO naming rules of Influenza virus in 1980 includes: type/host name/separation area/SN/separation date (HA and NA subunit).Influenza virus belongs to single-chain encapsulated RNA virus. Its encapsulated comes from double-layer lipoid membrane of host cell, and is embedded with 3 types of proteins (HA, NA and M2 protein). Influenza C virus has only HA and NA membrane proteins NA. Influenza virus is round, oval or filiform: that subcultured from chick embryo or cell is mostly spherical at a diameter of about 80~120nm, and that newly separated from human being or animal varies greatly, and is sometimes filiform at a length of several thousands nanometers.
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