Study On Development State Assessment Of Sustainable Communities

With the resources consumption rapidly and environmental degradation sharply worldwide, sustainable development has become the common development objectives being pursued by countries of the world. The construction of China National Sustainable Communities (CNSCs) is the intrinsic demand of China's sustainable development, the important experimental demonstration base to explore sustainable development theory. Its have the important meaning for the construction and development of CNSCs to establish a scientific assessment system of development state, so as to exploring and monitoring the existing problems in the process of the development of CNSCs and putting forward some countermeasures timely. Taking Yulin CNSCs as an example and regarding it as a regional ecological economic system with clearly boundary, this thesis combined the theory and method of Geography, Ecology, Ecological Economics, Regional Sustainable Development and other related subjects, analyzed and compared the developmental state(developmental level, coordination and eco-efficiency) of CNSCs from two different perspectives, revealed some problems which restricted the development of yulin CNSCs, and putted forward the countermeasures to choose. Through comparative analysis of the two methods, this thesis obtained that the method based on the integration of emergy and material flow analysis was more scientific to assessing the development state of CNSCs.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1) After the detailed reviewed and combed on the research of CNSCs and ecological economic system both at home and abroad, this paper got some idea:The current researches about CNSCs needed to break through from three aspects that the theory was not perfect, the research methods were single and the research perspective was one-dimensional. And the theories of emergy analysis, material flow analysis and ecological efficiency about ecological economic system researching was introduced, could bring the new breakthrough to study CNSCs. So it is very necessary to make a breakthrough about CNSCs' researching from the new dimensions to re-examine and more in-depth studies of the CNSCs to realize the theory and method innovation of CNSCs'researching. (2) Based on the CNSCs construction index and the emergy analysis index, this paper evaluated the coordination and the development level of yulin CNSCs, the result differenced. The evaluate results of CNSCs construction index showed that the sustainable development level and system coordination of yulin CNSCs were significantly growing trend in the study period; But horizontal comparison with other prefecture-level cities' CNSCs could find, the environment sub-system development level and sustainable development level in the list were after. The evaluate results of emergy evaluation index showed that:the sustainable development level and system coordination of yulin CNSCs were significantly decreasing in the study period, that was to say, the economy grew strongly of yulin CNSCs at the cost of resources consumption excessive and environmental deterioration accelerating. Studies have already proved that the evaluation results of emergy index was more scientific, but it was slightly weak in the aspect of environmental discharging's impact assessment, and the method integration of emergy analysis with material flow analysis can make up for the shortage.(3) On the basis of the material metabolic indices and emergy material flow index, the ecological efficiency of yulin CNSCs were analyzed, and the conclusion was similar. In the study period, resource efficiency, environmental efficiency and ecological efficiency were significantly increasing; The turning point of Environmental kuznets curve (EKV) will come around2015years; Economic development and ecological pressure (resource-environmental pressure) had not been absolutely "decoupling"; Economic development of CNSCs had weak sustainability features obviouly. Because with the material flow analysis index direct material input (DMI)) and the production process (DPO) emissions associated, the ecological efficiency analysis methods based on emergy material flow was more comprehensive and its decomposition was more profound about the essence of economic development and ecological pressure:The increasing of ecological efficiency could promote economic growth, restrained ecological pressure; the increasing of ecological efficiency was the sufficient and necessary conditions for the "decoupling" of economic growth and ecological pressure; the resources input on the rise of ecological pressure was more obvious role than that of waste discharge. (4) Through the comprehensive analysis of various evaluation result, this paper revealed the six problems restricting the coordinated and sustainable development of Yulin CNSCs. Namely:the feature of economic development model was "high investment, high yields, high pollution":The economic structure was unreasonable, agricultural economic foundation was weak:The development level of science and technology was low. the industrialized level was low:The development level of circular economy was low overall: The environment load was increasing and the environmental bearing capacity was reducing year by year:Ecological efficiency increasing year by year at the cost of rising ecological pressure.(5) Based on the research results to determine the main sustainable development direction future of Yulin CNSCs:It is nessenery to choose the road of sustainable development of low consumption, low pollution and ecological environmental protection, the key point is to improve the ecological efficiency and develop circular economy. It should be implemented from seven aspects concretely:Change the "only GDP" goal oriented system; Set up the technical supporting system:Explore the late-model economic development model, optimize economic structure:Increase innovation of science&technology and institutional, promote dematerialization:exploit local resources reasonable and orderly; Develop circular economy actively:Comprehensive improvement the ecological environment.(6) Through comparative analysis the application effect of CNSCs'development condition with different assessment method, this paper revealed:the emergy analysis was fit for evaluating system development level and coordination, but it was weak in assessing environmental discharging's impact; The ecological efficiency analysis based on emergy material flow was fit for evaluating the relation between economic development and ecological pressure of the system and could make up for the defect of emergy analysis, it was beneficial to the whole optimizationof system. Although the work loads of data acquisition was heavy, the calculation process was complicated, involving index connotation of emergy analysis and material flow ecological efficiency analysis were amply and deeply, the evaluation result was feasible, and more scientific and practical. In short, the integration of emergy analysis and material flow analysis methods provides a new ways to assess the development state of CNSCs, and can evaluate and compare CNSCs'development state of different levels, different dimensions, it has a direct significance for seeking the key and optimizing CNSCs' development.To sum up, using the two dimension research method of emergy and material flow, this paper evaluated the development state of Yulin CNSCs, it was a pioneering attempt. Through a lot of comparative analysis, this paper found that the emergy and material flow method's assessing results is more scientific and revealing the problem of CNSCs' sustainable development is more profound, not only looking for the breach for the further research on CNSCs, but also enriching and developping the theory and method system of the CNSCs' research.