Public Interest Organizations Involved In Disaster Management Research

Natural disasters get along with human beings from ancient times to the present. A hazard is just one of the causes of a disaster, that is to say, a hazard doesn't cause a disaster inevitably. Disasters are the inevitable outcome of the evolution of the nature. It makes no difference whether it is a disaster if not taking account of the human beings. The essence of the disaster is the destructive influence of the nature on the human beings. Disasters not only have a direct effect on building and the people's livelihood, but also result in the change of the social relations. Disasters affect the whole society, so we should mobilize the whole society to governance, including not only the government but also a great variety of social forces. Among them, non-governmental organizations are important social forces. Non-governmental organizations are oriented by the public interest and pursue the majority as well as all the people's interests. Based-on the mission and value of the public interest, non-governmental organizations will pay more attention to the disadvantaged in society. As a result, a large multitude of non-governmental organizations will take part in the disaster governance without the slightest hesitation. However, it is crucial for their own growth if non-governmental organizations want to be able to participate in disaster governance and to play a certain social function as an important social force. Since the reform and opening up in 1978, Non-governmental organizations'rapid development lay the groundwork for their participation in the disaster governance.Non-governmental organizations execute unparalleled functions in the disaster governance that the government can't replace, so this is the basis that the government attaches great importance to non-governmental organizations and this is also the basis that non-government organizations exist. By different functions and positions non-governmental organizations can be divided into three types——operating, coordinating and sponsoring. These three types are not independent from each other. In order to improve the performance of the disaster governance, these three types should strengthen and optimize cooperation among each other.Legal identity is essential to non-governmental organizations. The extent that non-governmental organizations participate in the disaster governance depends on the recognition and acceptance of the disaster governance system that regulates non-governmental organizations as well as on gathering and utilizing social resources. Superficially, non-governmental organization's involvement in the disaster governance reflects the public relations with the government. In fact, it reflects the public relations with the reigning party. The involvement shows us only the tip of the iceberg above the sea. Under the sea is the fundamental motivation, i.e. ideology and culture.Based on the circumstances and fundamentals of development of non-governmental organizations in china, we need to improve the status quo in two aspects. The first is to compile a complete set of laws and regulations that is essential to provide non-governmental organizations with legal identity. The other aspect is to optimize and strengthen the self-construction of non-governmental organizations with the purpose of establishing their good reputation. Thus, non-governmental organizations can effectively execute social functions. These two aspects are interactive in two-way improvement of each other. On one hand, when a stable and complete legislative environment comes into being, non-governmental organizations can develop into good conditions and prevent themselves from destruction. On the other hand, when non-governmental organizations strengthen self-construction, legal system can be made complete and effective, thus pushing the transition of legal system. As a result, non-governmental organizations will develop on the bases of legislative environment and self-construction.The issue of how non-governmental organizations participate in the disaster governance is critical in current China.'s society and is supposed to be necessary in Marxist research under the circumstances of China's society. The forerunners of Marxist could not provide solutions then, we need to figure out solutions with correct and scientific methodology. This research focuses on the exploration of the significance, effects and limits of non-governmental organization's participation in the disaster governance under the conditions of China's society instead of the comprehensive description of the history about non-governmental organizations'participation in the disaster governance and systematic analysis of developmental course.