| Aim and method:During the Ming and qing dynasties, there were a large number of essays written aboout Lingnan area, such as "Guangdong xin yu", "Yue Da Ji", "Chi Ya", "Nanyue Biji", "Yang cheng GuChao", etc. However, only the "Guangdong xin yu", "Yue Da Ji" and "Chi Ya" have been researched, other essays almost had no attention. About "Guangdong xin yu", "Yue Da Ji" and "Chi Ya", researchers usually pay attention to the social politics, economics, agriculture, forestry science and technology. No one concern from the historical materials of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Make the value of the medical historical materials inconspicuous. So this article is going to explore the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) materials, make assembly collection and analysis research. Because these historical data is scattered, distribution erratic, obstruct the doctors to put importance to them and utilization them. This article will excavate out these medical historical materials, classification, to make the value is clear. This is the purpose and significance of my article.Content of study:The content of my article mainly includes:(1) compile the medical historical materials from the essays in Ming and qing dynasties in Lingnan area, and to make the materials assembly arrangement; (2) analysis the medical historical materials which I have excavated out; (3) evaluate the value of the the medical historical materials in Lingnan essays during Ming and qing dynasties. This article is divided into three chapters to write:1,introduce the Lingnan essays during Ming and qing dynasties.2,analysis the medical historical materials from the Lingnan essays.3,evaluate the value of the the medical historical materials in Lingnan essays during Ming and qing dynasties.Results:(a) Compile the medical historical data from the essays. During the Ming and qing dynasties, there were a large number of lingnan essays, and there were so much traditional Chinese medicine materials in it. In nearly 40 essays in Ming and Qing dynasty,31 had medicine related content. Some were long, and some were short. Compile the medical historical materials from the essays. It is 13,4297 characters in total. Based on content, divide the thousands of words material into several kinds, such as drugs, discussing medical theories, diseases and how to cure, prescriptions, doctors, medical books, medical institution, health and immortal and poison. Under each part is divided again according to the content. In the drug part, the materials is sorted according to the number of the strokes of the first character. And so formed the "medical historical data assembly from the Lingnan essays during Ming and qing dynasties".(b) Analysis the medical historical materials from the Lingnan essays. Divide the material into drugs, discussing medical theories, diseases and how to cure, prescriptions, doctors, medical books, medical institution, and health and immortal to analysis. Lingnan essays record the lingnan area geography climatic environment characteristics. It is near the verge of the sea, and the soil is thin, the climat is wet. So we must be careful in daily life. Don't get up early, don't go sleeping late, don't nap in midday. Eating appropriate and light food, wearing no more or less. It is because the special geography climatic factors in the lingnan area, people are vulnerable to some local frequently-occurring diseases, such as dysentery disease, malaria, leprosy, etc. Essays mentioned about 14 kinds of dysentery diseases. Each has different definitions of dysentery compare with specific symptoms description. Through the interpretation of lingnan essays during the Ming and qing dynasties, we can know the definition, the pathogenesis, the clinical manifestations and treatment method about the dysentery diseases by the lingnan folk. About the leprosy, we can also see how the ancient lingnan folk to manage about the leprosy, including etiology, symptoms, isolation and treatment and so on. During the Ming and qing dynasties, lingnan historical eaasys also detailed recorded how the zhuang people made the method of poison. And how to prevention and remove method, and the specific include system of method, method of poison species, raising method, method of purpose and crowd control, etc. In addition to the local frequently-occurring diseases, other kinds of diseases also were recorded by essays. It is mentioned about 100 kinds of diseases' name, divided into internal medicine, surgery, gynecology and obstetrics, paediatrics, surgery, orthopaedic etc. About the treatment method, essays recorded some folk prescriptions. No asking and recorded the hope and the prescription drugs. In addition to folk prescriptions, other treatment method is some folk special therapy, such as Kui strands, pray god, wu wizard practice, etc. About the drugs, lingnan essays recorded about 250 kinds of lingnan medicinal plants and animals. Some are short with simple words to record the medicinal effect only. Some are long with hundreds of words to introduce the drug producing area, shape, sexual flavour, functions, indications, processing methods, and so on. Some record the alias, and the identification methods to other herbals. Overall, lingnan essays recorded the drugs has some characteristic such as the drugs mainly produced in lingnan area, be good at descripting very truthfully, record folk picking and processing method, recorded the folk producing methods of drugs, picked out the errors in other books, recorded the tribute and selling drugs condition in Ming and qing Dynasties. Lingnan essays also recorded the doctors and their books in lingnan area during Ming and qing Dynasties. There are 36 doctors were recorded in the essays. And 31 were doctors living in the Ming and qing dynasties. Among the 31 doctors, only 8 were recorded by other books. The 23 doctors haven't been recorded. Among them, some were famous doctors, some were medical monks and some were common doctors. In addition, essays recorded lingnan long live people. In addition to those appraised by government, essays recorded many folk longevities. From it we can see that since the ancient times, lingnan area lived large of longevities. Some people thought that it is because the south Qi, so there were so many longevities in Lingnan area. And the essays also recorded the drugs that had the function to make people to be immortal. The most representative ones are An Qisheng and Ge Hong. About the medical systems of lingnan, lingnan essays recorded few. Only recorded the government and society relief organizations. There are 22 organizations recorded in Lingnan essays.(c) Evaluate the value of the medical historical materials in Lingnan essays during Ming and qing dynasties. Mainly evaluate the value of the the medical historical materials on treatment experience, promote the spread endemic materia medica development, save folk prescriptions, added the doctors and their books, provide medical materials and expand our research vision. Lingnan aboriginal people lived a long life in lingnan area. So they knew how to prevent and treat local frequently-occurring diseases. Essays recorded their experience of the method of prevention and cure, and spreaded them, thus surply us for the daily use. About the lingnan medicinal plants and animals drug, essays recorded the local name, place of origin, plant form, medicine parts and flavour, efficacy indications, etc. Some provide unprecedented picking and processing method in Ming and qing dynasties, and promote the development and research of lingnan materia medica, also can be used for providing clues for the development and utilization of NanYao today. Save a lot of lingnan folk prescription. These prescriptions had a long-term spread in lingnan folk, often have a strange effect to many diseases. Essays record them, thus stop them from losing in folk. Essays recorded the doctors and their books, can supplement to other literatures. The record of folk doctors can be resubmitted to physicians with lingnan medical record. Just in that sense, the medical historical materials in Lingnan essays during Ming and qing dynasties can provide historical researches reliable materials. The medical materials in essays are rich in content and has a huge number. If capitalize on these data, we can enlarge our research field of vision, thus open a new world for medical researches.Conclusion:There are huge amount and rich content of traditional Chinese medicine historical data in Lingnan essays in Ming and qing Dynasties. We haven't pay enough attention to them. This article compile the medical historical data from the essays, and then, divide the material into drugs, discussing medical theories, diseases and how to cure, prescriptions, doctors, medical books, medical institution, and health and immortal. So to analysis the medical historical materials and evaluate the value of them. And find that they have important affect on treatment experience, promote the spread endemic materia medica development, save folk prescriptions, added the doctors and their books, provide medical materials and expand our research vision. Because these historical data is scattered, distribution erratic, thus obstruct the doctors to put importance to them and utilization them. This article will excavate out these medical historical materials, classification, to make the value is clear. This is the purpose and significance of my article. |
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