Research On Strategies Of Equalization Of Basic Public Health Service

ObjectiveThis paper is on the basis of definition of equalization of basic public health services and analysis of the equalization of basic public health services theory. The aim of this paper is to make the own understanding of the concept of equalization of basic public health services and to lay the foundation for further study on the implementation of the equalization of basic public health services strategy with the foreign experience of definition of equalization of basic public health services. What's more, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the situation of equalization of basic public health services in China and to sum up the problems, which can be solved with the experience of foreign countries. In conclusion, the aim of this paper is to make the relevant strategies of equalization of basic public health services, which can provide help in the decision making for the government and relevant departments.Research MethodsThe way of data collection includes three ways, such as literature search, questionnaire survey, and key informant interviews in three ways. The literature search aims to sort out related books, academic literature, net sources and information on related concepts and theoretical basis for equalization. Extensive collection of the National Health Statistics Yearbook, related basic public health services data, government reports, statistical reports and other information on China's basic public health services status and the equalization of health services survey progress in the implementation of a preliminary analysis and summary. The field investigation aims to select a typical region for field investigations in accordance with the level of economic development, respectively, from the east, central and western respective. The investigation mainly consists two parts. First one aims to select typical regional health authorities, professional public health agencies, and grassroots public health agencies for the object questionnaires, systematic collection of a sample of basic public health services implementation progress data and the various services implementation process problems and obstacles faced. Second part is to select the relevant person familiar with the key informant interviews, in-depth understanding of the understanding and awareness of the key informants on the equalization of basic public health services, local basic public health services equalization policies and measures, progress in the implementation, explore the basic public health services to Equalization of the realization of the problems in the process, coping strategies and measures.Data analysis methods mainly include specification analysis, Delphi method, SWOT analysis and statistical methods. Specification analysis uses the method of theoretical analysis and logical reasoning, which aims to use literature and interviews to define the understanding of the concept and content of the equalization of basic public health services in China. Expert consultation includes two sociology experts, public administration experts, two Social Medicine and Health Management experts, two experts of health economics, two or three public health institutions (including professional organizations and grassroots organizations), three or four managers who are in charge of health, finance and other administrative departments of different levels, totaling about fifteen people through the meeting of experts in the form of centralized consultation on the three themes. SWOT analysis is to sum up in the system at home and abroad to promote the equalization of basic public services experience on the basis of the key strategy, combined with our current reality, the SWOT analysis provide a basis for policy recommendations and the final strategy. In addition, methods of combining quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics on the equalization of basic public health services implementation status and service utilization analysis.Results1. The recent status of public health services in ChinaThe aspects mainly include analysis and description of several aspects of the basic public health services, such as the funding situation, the differences among the eastern, central and western regions, and the differences between urban and rural differences. The first part is the measure the status of carried out of the Public Health Services, which contain the vast majority of national public health service projects around gradually unfolded. Then, nine categories of basic public health services in the most provinces, regions and municipalities are carried out quickly. And the six major public health services have been started in most areas. Second part is the funding of the Public Health Service, such as The end of2009,thirty provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in region shave already been implemented fifteen Yuan per capita public health funding, which Include Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shaanxi, seven regional per capita public health expenditure has exceeded the national target. Then, there are some regional differences and urban-rural differences. This part mainly refers to all regions. There are some differences in the process of implementation of the basic public health services. Overall, the eastern region is superior to the Midwest. In addition, the basic public health services in urban areas the status of implementation of most projects is better than that in rural areas. For example, with professional public health agencies, in addition to basic public health services, treatment and management of non-hospitalized TB patients, AIDS patients.2. The main problemsImplementation of the equalization of basic public health services have made great progress, but some problems still exist in parts of the specific implementation process. Not perfect and mature in terms of structure, mechanism, organization and technology, such as the number of professionals in the effective implementation of the incentive mechanism, the good collaboration between the institutions in rural areas. And the effect of publicity is still a problem. Parts of the number of professionals is not enough means to attract and to train the public health services personnel need in order to focus on the most important issues. Professionals in the problem of inadequate in some rural areas is more obvious, as well as for the psychiatric management of such highly specialized new basic public health services, lack of relevant professionals. In addition, organizational barriers to implementation by the public health services, long-term widespread, distinctive organizational strategy is the lack of system security. Mainly reflected the division of functions between the primary health institutions and professional public health agencies is not clear, the public health service capacity of primary health institutions are not consistent with the policy requirements. The operation of the public health agency allocation of interest aims to make the functions of the sinking. For example, mental illness in rural areas in Guizhou province lack of professional accreditation bodies on the management of mental illness organizational barriers. In addition, there are some inherent obstacles, on the one hand, institutional reasons, the problems of urban and rural public health services, policy and public finance systems is imperfect affect and hinder the process of equalization of basic public health services. On the other hand, the system reasons, the transfer payment system overall design of the defects and the imperfections of the legal system are inherent obstacles hinder the basic public health services.3. Summaries of experiencesMany good practices are explored. One is to explore innovation in the field of human resource allocation. Around a number of innovative public health services, human resource allocation, retirees into the community, university graduates under the grass-roots, professional public health personnel, the community, the implementation of primary health staffing, strengthening community public health services, staff training, volunteer mobilization for the implementation of the package of public health services to provide the protection of the human. On the other hand is around to explore the health records information management and stability of personnel incentives. Residents health records dynamic information management, these practices to adopt comprehensive measures to stabilize the rural public health workforce and to provide policy support to achieve the equalization of public health services, but these practices also have a very typical local specialties, different regions have different resources and public health needs, also have their own characteristics in the choice of practices.Conclusions Basic public health services well reflect the core needs of public health service. Part of the project has been the basis for the better work, such as maternal and child health, child immunization. However, it still needs further systematic and standardized improvement. At the same time, part of the service model needs to be further explored, such as the management of patients with severe mental illness and rehabilitation guidance. Therefore, based on the original basis of differences of each project need to combine with local realities and co-class public health programs, which aims to promote the priority. Public health services aims to carry out the project significantly increased the workload of primary health care institutions. However, the levels of treatment of the primary health care work agency staff are still needed to be improved. What's more, the way to use the subjective initiative and incentives need to be explored further. Information about public health services is the important factor in the establishment and implementation of health records. In the basic public health services, supply process and different regions have also tried a different approach. In this study, the paper selects Jiangsu province, Guizhou province and Hubei province as subjects of investigation, and these provinces have distinctive local characteristics. To sum up, the government should give full consideration to the own needs and resources to develop distinctive policies, which can help to achieve equalization goals of the basic public health services.InnovationThis paper is on the basis of definition of equalization of basic public health services and analysis of the equalization of basic public health services theory,which aims to make the own understanding of the concept of equalization of basic public health services. Furthermore, the paper summrise the experiences of good examples both in China and foreign countries,when it analyze the situation and some problems of equalization of basic public health services in China and to sum up the problems. And the main purpose of this paper is to sum up the strategies of equalization of basic public health services.