| Cangzhu, a common Chinese crud drag, are the rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea and are often used to eliminate dampness, strengthen the spleen, dispelle wind and cold and relieve exterior syndrome, which widely grow in China, such as hubei, jiangsu, henna, hebei, shandong, shanxi, liaoning provences, et al.The essential oil components in A. lancea have been reported as the pharmacoloyicall active compounds. It is found that there were great variation ahout the essential oil components of A. lancea, which had some relation to the geographical variation. And climate was a important factor on forming the essential oil components.Mao-Cangzhu distribute in Maoshan Mts. and the suburbs of Nanjing city of Jiangsu province, are the geographical indications production and they are forced vanishment due to the over harvest and disappearing of habitat. In order to keep the continuous usage of Mao-Cangzhu, some place in hubei or jingsu provence are cultivated Mao-Cangzhu, but it is found Mao-Cangzhu were easy to get plant diseases and insect pests when they cultivated and even die after 2 or 3-year cultivated.This paper was designed based the inter-species variation of the essential oil components and the soil deterioration about cultivated A. lancea, and the subjective was to discovery the influence about climate and soil factors on quality of A. lancea, which contain 3 main parts as follows:1 Analysis about climate factors on forming the essential oil components and the habitat classification of A. lancea(1) Analysis of the inter-species variation of the essential oil components A. lancea and correlation about essential to geographical variationBioinformatics methods used for reference, data about the essential oil of A. lancea were collected from the literature and analyzed systematicallyby cluster analysis and principal component analysis. And it is found the essential oil variation of A. lancea was relative to its distribution and the content of six main essential oil components were continuous variation from southwest to northeast China.(D Selection of climate factors influencing the essential oil components of A lanceaFirst , the climate leading factors(about years data of climate) of A. lancea were determined after stepwise regression, and the climate limiting factor was known by investigation and data analysis. As a result, 3 model were got which showed that precipitation was one of the dominant climate factors that affected the quality of A.lancea. and it was found high temperature was a limiting factor that influenced the living of A.lancea.Then in order to discovery the influences of interaction of climate factors and its distribution among years, canonical correlation and stepwise regressive analysis were done to get the climate leading factors(about month data of climate). As a result, there were 6 correlation models between climate factors and 6 main essential oil componets were finished. It is found that the adaptive habitat for forming the essential oil components of A.lancea was different to it for growing A.lancea ones, and the interaction of tempreture and precipitation was the most important factor on forming essential oil components of A.lancea and the climate condition about Octobers was play a key role on forming the essential oil components.(D Extraction of habitat character about Mt. MaoshanThe averages for 30(1971-2000) years about the leading factor(about years data of climate) were used to do spatial interpolation on the platform of IDIRIEIW, and overlay analysis was done between the Mt. Maoshan and the whole habitat of A.lancea. Tt was found, habitat characteristics of M&o-A. lancea are Annual mean temperature more than 15°C, Monthly mean minimum temperature between -2~-l°C, Monthly mean maximum temperature about 32 °C, Absolute minimum temperature between -17—15 °C , Drought season between l~2months, Annual mean precipitation between 1000-1160mm. In other word, habitat of Mao-A lancea is characterized as highest temperature, short Drought season and more precipitation, and the forming of Mao-A lancea related to the environmentalstress and reflected stress effects.? Habitat classification of A.lancea based the essential oil componentsThe leading factors for 30 years( 1971-2000, about month data of climate) were interpolated by Sufer 7.0 and the habitat classification was done by ARCGIS8.1. As a result, a classification map of A.lancea was gotten.2 Analysis about soil quality acting on cultivated A.lancea (D soil nutrient and pH in rhizoma sphere of A.lanceaTotal nitrogen, available K, available P, organic matter, available nitrogen and pH in root soil of wild growing A. lancea in 3 sites, MS, LT and MFS , and cultivated ones with different ages in LT were detected. It is found that the growth of A.lancea in M?.Mao is faced nutrient stress.? Analysis about allelopathy in rhizosphere of A. lancea,First, a bioactivity test showed, 500mg/ml MCT had reduced growth biomass of roots and shoots but not insignificantly ( p > 0.05 ) , And 200mg/ml MC reduced the germination rates, lengths of roots and shoots of A. lancea significantly ( p < 0.05)Then, 27 compounds in MCT and 4 compounds in MC were identified by GC-MS. And another bioactivity test found, 250 mg/1 ACA(the main componet in soil) reduced the germination rates, lengths of roots and shoots of A. lancea significantly; and 100 and 250 mg/113 -E reduced shoots of A. lancea significantly! p < 0.05). it is indicated that there were autotoxicosis in continuous cropping of A. lancea.Finally, comparison between different chemitype of A. lancea. showed germination rates, lengths of roots and shoots of A. lancea seeds in Mt. maoshan were reduced with both MC and YC, and MC reduced the germination rates more than YC (p < 0.05).In conclusion, autotoxicosis is occurred in continuous cropping of A. lancea DC, and there are difference about autotoxisis of A. lancea between different chemitype.(D Microbes change in rhizosphere of A. lanceaIt is found that total bacteria, fungi and actinomyces in 2-year old soil... |
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