| Paeonia, the only genus in the family of Paeoniaceae, comprises ca.35 species, including three sections:Moutan, Oneapia, and Paeonia. The section Moutan, with eight woody species, is confined to a small area in China.Kinds of chromatogramphic methods were employed to isolate and purify compounds from the seeds of Paeonia suffruticosa.31 compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of Moutan seeds, these compounds were elucidated based on spectral analysis and comparison with spectroscopic data reported in the literatures, including 11 stilbenes,11 monoterpenoid glycosides,4 flavanoids and 5 other types compounds. Among these identified compounds,6 compounds of them were new compounds,9 were the first time to be isolated from this plant species, and 3 were the first time to be isolated from the genus Paeonia.The six new compounds were named as cis-gnetin H (9), trans-suffruticosol D (10), cis-suffruticosol D (11),β-gentiobiosylpaeoniflorin (22), pyridylpaeoniflorin(27), and piperitone-4-en-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (28). Structures of the known compounds were identified as resveratrol (E)-form (1), resveratrol (Z)-form (2),trans-ε-viniferin (3), cis-ε-viniferin (4), suffruticosol A (5), suffruticosol B (6), suffruticosol C (7), gnetin H (8), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (12), apigenin (13), luteolin (14), quercetin (15), kaempferol (16), benzoic acid (17),6'-O-β-glucopyranosylalbiflorin (18), paeoniflorin (19), 1-O-a-D-ethyl-mannopyranoside (20), oxypaeoniflorin (21),8-debenzoylpaeoniflorin (23), 8-debenzoylpaeonidanin(24), sucrose (25), debenzoyl albiflorin(26),1-O-β-D-glucopy ranosylpaeonisuffrone (29), 1-O-β-D-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)glucose (30), and albiflorin (31).Compounds 1,3-11 were assayed for their DPPH free radical scavenge activities and inducibility of the Keapl-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway, the results showed these compounds were possessed moderate activities, and may be produce a marked effect to anticancer, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory.A facile method based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was developed for the simultancous quantitative determination of ten stilbenes (1,3-11) and eight glycosides (18,19,21,22,27,28,30, and 31) in 46 batches of samples including Sect. Moutan with 32 batches and Sect. Paeonia 14 batches from 9 species. Principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to classify the Paeonia samples and chemotaxonomic characteristics were proposed.The content of major compounds (1,3-11,19, and 22) in the seeds of P.lactiflora, P. suffruticosa, and P.ostii collected from different ontogenetic stages were detected by HPLC-DAD. The results showed these compounds presented conspicuous regularity, stilbenes synthetized abundantly until seed approaching period of maturation, and compounds 19 and 22 can be reciprocal transformation.Compared the distinctness of HPLC-DAD fingerprints chromatography among Radix Paeonia Alba, Radix Paeonia Rubra and Cortex Moutan.81 batches samples were rapid analysis by HPLC equipping Chromolith column, the chemometrics procedures, including similarity analysis (SA) and PCA were applied to classify these three categories samples. Consistent results were obtained to show that these samples could be successfully grouped in accordance with their types. Furthermore,13 marker constituents were screened out to be the main chemical composition.Compared the distinctness of root/root bark chemical fingerprints chromatography among Sect. Moutan and Sect. Paeonia.52 batches samples including 29 Sect. Moutan from 8 species and 23 Sect. Paeonia from 6 species were multi-analysis, the chemometrics procedures, including similarity analysis (SA), PCA were applied to classify these Sect. samples. Consistent results were obtained to show that these samples could be temperately grouped in accordance with their species. Furthermore,15 marker constituents were screened out to be the main chemical composition.In addition, advance in the research of phytochemical, biological, and analytical method about quality control of medicinal plants from Paeonia genus were reviewed whith considerable references. Furthermore, chemotaxonomy and pharmacophylogeny of Paeonia genus was investigate.
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