The Research Of FA Shi-shan

FA Shi-shan (1753-1813), a famous poet, scholar of Mongolian nationality during Qianlong ~ Jiaqing Period in Qing dynasty and president of the national academy, was a lover of poems and paintings all his life. As a typical academy official, he compiled classics and participated in compiling classics for many times.The paper is focused on FA Shi-shan's making friends at"Shikan"and"Xiya", where Fa Shi-shan invited his friends to assembling. The former was built in his residence, where Fa wrote poems and drew A Painting of Shikan with his friends and he had been chairman of the poetic circle for three decades. Among one of the northern poetic activity centers, Shikan was as important as Yuan Mu's Suiyuan Garden in the south. And there is a large collection of poems and paintings of Fa's friends and old acquaintances in Shikan. The latter, which neighbored Fa's residence, was the early residence of Li Dongyang in Ming Dynasty. FA, along with his friends, had many activities in memory of Li Dongyang out of respect for the excellent late elite. On LI Dong-yang's birthdays of each year, he invited his friends at Xiya to banquets, poems and paintings. And A Painting of Xiya was created in memory of Li Dongyang.FA Shi-shan had association with elites of that period, therefore, his friends and old acquaintances were found in various poetic groups, regions and social classes. By combining textual criticism and discussion, this paper strives to present the poetic assembly during Qianlong ~ Jiaqing Period in Qing Dynasty, introducing respectively the associations of FA Shi-shan who are the Spirit School (YUAN Mei and ZHANG Wen-tao inclusive), Jili School (WENG Fang-gang inclusive), Changzhou poets (HONG Liang-ji and ZHAO Huai-yu, inclusive), Zhejiang School (WU Xi-qi inclusive), the top three of entrance exam to academies of the same period (namely, WANG Ru-yang, JIANG De-liang and CHENG Chang-qi), Lingnan poets (FENG Min-chang and ZHAO Xi-huang inclusive), Baqi poets (Tie-bao, Yu-bao and Bai-ling inclusive), the Elegant poets (ZENG Yu and RUAN Yuan), the"Three Gentlemen"(namely, SHU-Wei, WANG Yun and SUN Yuan-xiang), the"Three Fengs"(MO Jin, LIU Si-wan and WANG You-xin), the famous painter LUO Pin, and WU Song-liang, WANG Qi-song and GUO Lin et al.FA Shi-shan advocated Temper Theory on poems, deriving from TAO Yuan-ming of early Song Dynasty and WANG Wei, MENG Hao-ran, WEI Ying-wu, LIU Zong-yuan of Tang-Dynasty. His poems had wide range of subjects, including responding poems, painting poems, scenic poems, object-ode poems, et al. His poems were fresh and distinctive, simple but elegant. His proses were simple and clear, gentle and elegant, which learned the prose style of OUYNAG Xiu of Northern Song Dynasty.